Drupal 8.x

I am setting up roles and I want to severely limit permissions for a data entry role. I want them to use a custom shortcut menu to perform their very limited task of entering data for one content type. In Permissions for this role I have enabled "Use Shortcuts", but unless I also check "Use the administration toolbar" the shortcut menu is not seen. When I enable "Use the administration toolbar" the role sees "Manage" in addition to Shortcuts and their user account. The problem is Manage gives them the ability to "Run database updates".

According to the documentation I must create a settings.php file and add some stuff to the end. But whenever I create my own settings.php file, installation fails with:

The specified database connection is not defined: default

Anyone ever get it to work?

Upgrading D6 to D8, the process went smooth without a problem. Right afterwards, everything works as expected.

A few hours after the upgrade (without installing any modules/themes or changing anything), some of the functionality of the admin page got broken, more specifically it's related to all buttons in the admin page that are supposed to pop up an overlay page.

I am using Drupal 8 and have a content type that uses a Term Reference field. This Term is a code and has a description field summarizing the meaning of that specific code. Editors can enter an unlimited number of codes for each content type.

When the content page is displayed, all of the codes for that content is displayed, which is to be expected. However a request just came in requiring that the description for each code be shown alongside.

My development serve is running cURL 7.24.0 and works fine. My client's production server is running cURL 7.15.5 and whenever the update runs, the log is full of:

Hi everyone,
in the upgrade process I get informed to have 19 available upgrade path and 49 missing ones.
1. Question: what are paths in this context?
Among the missing ones: ACL, BACKUP_MIGRATE, BOOK, CTOOLS, DASHBOARD, ENTIITY, ENTITY_TOKEN, FIELD_SQL_STORAGE, FIELD_UI, FILE_ENTITY, thirteen I18N paths, LOCALE, MASS_CONTACT, MEDIA, MULTIFORM, OPTION, four RULES paths, four SYNTAXHIGHLIGHTER paths, SYSTEM, TAXONOMY_ACCESS, four VARIABLE paths, WYSIWYG