I've installed Drupal many times, but I've never come across this problem. I know that when you are running the install, you need to chmod the /sites/default/files and sites/default/settings.php so that apache can write to it. I usually just change it to 777, then when the install is complete, change it back to 775. But right now, this permissions error is coming up.
{[(Web server Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS)
PHP 5.3.3
PHP register globals Disabled
PHP extensions Enabled
Database support Enabled
PHP memory limit 128M
-Error
File system
The directory sites/default/files is not writable. An automated attempt to create this directory failed, possibly due to a permissions problem. To proceed with the installation, either create the directory and modify its permissions manually or ensure that the installer has the permissions to create it automatically. For more information, see INSTALL.txt or the online handbook.
Unicode library PHP Mbstring Extension
Settings file The ./sites/default/settings.php file exists.
-Error
Settings file The settings file is not writable.
The Drupal installer requires write permissions to ./sites/default/settings.php during the installation process. If you are unsure how to grant file permissions, consult the online handbook.)]}