install_profile_info() returns inconsisent data

#1: install-profile-info.patch queued for re-testing.

This is possibly a duplicate of #2474537: Installing in a non-English language fails for command-line installations (Drush, ...).

I changed the scope of this issue and setting back to active because of the time passed and because #2474537: Installing in a non-English language fails for command-line installations (Drush, ...) will take care of the caching behavior.

I started stubbing out the new test using KernelTestCase (the old one using DrupalWebTestCase).
The old test loads three sets of profile data.

$testing_info = install_profile_info('testing');
$standard_info = install_profile_info('standard');
$es_info = install_profile_info('testing', 'es');

I couldn't see any discrepancy in the returned data, and it's not clear what the discrepancy should look like. One of the assertions check that the locale module is set as a dependency of the spanish one, and it appears to be fine. So I guess I can't reproduce and I want to assume that something is fixed in the last 9 years.

The raw array data from the above code is below.

# Standard profile

array(12) {
  ["config_install_path"]=>
  NULL
  ["core_incompatible"]=>
  bool(false)
  ["core_version_requirement"]=>
  string(9) "9.1.0-dev"
  ["dependencies"]=>
  array(0) {
  }
  ["description"]=>
  string(77) "Minimal profile for running tests. Includes absolutely required modules only."
  ["hidden"]=>
  bool(true)
  ["install"]=>
  array(5) {
    [0]=>
    string(10) "page_cache"
    [1]=>
    string(18) "dynamic_page_cache"
    [2]=>
    string(10) "path_alias"
    [3]=>
    string(6) "system"
    [4]=>
    string(4) "user"
  }
  ["name"]=>
  string(7) "Testing"
  ["php"]=>
  string(5) "7.3.0"
  ["themes"]=>
  array(1) {
    [0]=>
    string(5) "stark"
  }
  ["type"]=>
  string(7) "profile"
  ["version"]=>
  string(9) "9.1.0-dev"
}


# Standard profile for spanish

array(12) {
  ["config_install_path"]=>
  NULL
  ["core_incompatible"]=>
  bool(false)
  ["core_version_requirement"]=>
  string(9) "9.1.0-dev"
  ["dependencies"]=>
  array(0) {
  }
  ["description"]=>
  string(77) "Minimal profile for running tests. Includes absolutely required modules only."
  ["hidden"]=>
  bool(true)
  ["install"]=>
  array(6) {
    [0]=>
    string(10) "page_cache"
    [1]=>
    string(18) "dynamic_page_cache"
    [2]=>
    string(10) "path_alias"
    [3]=>
    string(6) "system"
    [4]=>
    string(4) "user"
    [5]=>
    string(6) "locale"
  }
  ["name"]=>
  string(7) "Testing"
  ["php"]=>
  string(5) "7.3.0"
  ["themes"]=>
  array(1) {
    [0]=>
    string(5) "stark"
  }
  ["type"]=>
  string(7) "profile"
  ["version"]=>
  string(9) "9.1.0-dev"
}

# Test profile

array(12) {
  ["config_install_path"]=>
  NULL
  ["core_incompatible"]=>
  bool(false)
  ["core_version_requirement"]=>
  string(9) "9.1.0-dev"
  ["dependencies"]=>
  array(0) {
  }
  ["description"]=>
  string(51) "Install with commonly used features pre-configured."
  ["hidden"]=>
  bool(false)
  ["install"]=>
  array(38) {
    [0]=>
    string(4) "node"
    [1]=>
    string(7) "history"
    [2]=>
    string(5) "block"
    [3]=>
    string(10) "breakpoint"
    [4]=>
    string(8) "ckeditor"
    [5]=>
    string(5) "color"
    [6]=>
    string(6) "config"
    [7]=>
    string(7) "comment"
    [8]=>
    string(10) "contextual"
    [9]=>
    string(7) "contact"
    [10]=>
    string(17) "menu_link_content"
    [11]=>
    string(8) "datetime"
    [12]=>
    string(13) "block_content"
    [13]=>
    string(9) "quickedit"
    [14]=>
    string(6) "editor"
    [15]=>
    string(4) "help"
    [16]=>
    string(5) "image"
    [17]=>
    string(7) "menu_ui"
    [18]=>
    string(7) "options"
    [19]=>
    string(4) "path"
    [20]=>
    string(10) "page_cache"
    [21]=>
    string(18) "dynamic_page_cache"
    [22]=>
    string(8) "big_pipe"
    [23]=>
    string(8) "taxonomy"
    [24]=>
    string(5) "dblog"
    [25]=>
    string(6) "search"
    [26]=>
    string(8) "shortcut"
    [27]=>
    string(7) "toolbar"
    [28]=>
    string(8) "field_ui"
    [29]=>
    string(4) "file"
    [30]=>
    string(3) "rdf"
    [31]=>
    string(5) "views"
    [32]=>
    string(8) "views_ui"
    [33]=>
    string(4) "tour"
    [34]=>
    string(14) "automated_cron"
    [35]=>
    string(10) "path_alias"
    [36]=>
    string(6) "system"
    [37]=>
    string(4) "user"
  }
  ["name"]=>
  string(8) "Standard"
  ["php"]=>
  string(5) "7.3.0"
  ["themes"]=>
  array(2) {
    [0]=>
    string(6) "bartik"
    [1]=>
    string(5) "seven"
  }
  ["type"]=>
  string(7) "profile"
  ["version"]=>
  string(9) "9.1.0-dev"
}