Module development and code questions

Hi,

Absolute neophyte to Drupal module development.  I am basically still working on my own 'Hello World' module.  I have the basics down regarding what files to put where, etc.; and, my stupid simple module works, sort of.  However, my problem right now is, I can get a function that sends HTML ('#type' => 'markup') to the screen; OR, I can get a function that sends a Table ('#type' => 'table') to the screen, but I cannot do BOTH.  I think, ideally, I would want the Table-making function to be called by the HTML-making fu

In contribute module file 
docroot/modules/contrib/apigee_edge/src/Entity/ListBuilder/AppListBuilder.php

I need to over write function 
protected function buildWarningRow(AppInterface $app, array &$rows) 

So that 'data-text-open'  and 'data-text-closed' could display different text at the user interface. 

At this moment, I modified this function directly under contribute module file, and I need to manually modify this file each time when we do a composer update.  

From Drupal 8.9.x, can we migrate directly to Drupal 9.3 without migrating to Drupal9.2, considering end of support for Drupal9.2 by June 2022

Hi, I really need help. I have tried to figure out to way to import node translations from csv files. I have one CSV file that has the original node titles and urls and another one which one has translations. Then I have all the paragraphs that need to go the correct nodes / nodes translations in the database. I just cant get it to work.  The migration finds the correct paragraphs and creates the translation but in the process it overwrites the original content and I just cant figure out why.  Really thankful for any ideas.

The migration  translation code

I'm converting a large Drupal 7 app to Drupal 9. It had a ubiquitous feature were the user could ask for a "report" as a pdf instead of an html page. I used the Drupal 7 theme() function to generate the html. If the user asked for html I would give them the theme() function output. If the user asked for a pdf I would execute the htmldoc linux command with the theme() function output as input and send the resulting pdf.

There is no theme() function in Drupal 9. How can I do something similar in Drupal 9?