Problem/Motivation

In the Media Library, the form allowing to create a new media by uploading a file should use the source field label and description to improve usability.

The Media library provides a dedicated "Add Video" page (for the Video media type) at /media/add/video and a modal "Add or select media" form on any entity form that has a Media reference field. This issue is about the modal form:

Add or select media modal form for a Video media reference field

Currently the modal form uses

  • label: "Add file"
  • description: something like "One file only. / 2 MB limit. / Allowed types: mp4."

for every media type.

Proposed resolution

Use the source field label and description as the label and the first part of the description of the upload field in the media library add form.

The "source field" means the source file field of the media entity: for example, the Image field for Image media, or the URL field for Remote video media. See Step 2 of the Steps to reproduce, below.

Steps to reproduce

  1. Install Drupal with the Umami demo profile.
  2. Edit field_media_video_file at Administration > Structure > Media types > Edit Video > Manage fields (/en/admin/structure/media/manage/video/fields). For testing purposes, add something under "Help text".
  3. Edit field_media_image at Administration > Structure > Content types > Article > Manage fields (/en/admin/structure/types/manage/article/fields). Under Media type, select Image, Remote video, and Video.
  4. Create a new Article node (/en/node/add/article). Use the "Add media" button to open the modal editing window, and select Video from the vertical tabs.
  5. Notice that the file form label is "Add file" and the description does not contain the help text added in Step 2.

https://git.drupalcode.org/project/drupal/-/merge_requests/6265

Remaining tasks

Review

User interface changes

File upload field label and descriptions are updated to use the Media type's field config:

Before:
Video media type before

Image media type before

After:
Video media type after

Image media type after

CommentFileSizeAuthor
#61 3111630-nr-bot_oo9lzx8a.txt666 bytesneeds-review-queue-bot
#60 3_Media-library-popup-not-showing-custom-text_3111630.png44.93 KBcewernlund
#60 2_Media-page-shows-custom-text_3111630.png48.99 KBcewernlund
#60 1_set-custom-help-text_3111630.png116.6 KBcewernlund
#59 3111630-59-media-library-label-and-description.patch16.47 KBcewernlund
#54 3111630-nr-bot_yz_t8198.txt90 bytesneeds-review-queue-bot
#51 3111630-nr-bot_cyiuoa3q.txt90 bytesneeds-review-queue-bot
#47 before-video-2.png1.09 MBneptune-dc
#45 image-after.png24.21 KBacbramley
#45 video-after.png25.76 KBacbramley
#45 image-before.png24.52 KBacbramley
#45 video-before.png23.19 KBacbramley
#38 Afterpatch_video.png28.23 KBkanchan bhogade
#38 Afterpatch_audio.png29.16 KBkanchan bhogade
#38 Afterpatch_Doc.png34.68 KBkanchan bhogade
#38 Afterpatch_audio.png29.16 KBkanchan bhogade
#38 Beforepatch_video.png29.3 KBkanchan bhogade
#38 Beforepatch_audio.png30.42 KBkanchan bhogade
#38 Beforepatch_doc.png34.5 KBkanchan bhogade
#38 Beforepatch_image.png29.65 KBkanchan bhogade
#37 3111630_37.patch16.5 KBnixou
#36 3111630_36.patch16.49 KBnixou
#34 3111630-nr-bot.txt144 bytesneeds-review-queue-bot
#22 3111630_22.patch18.25 KBvsujeetkumar
#15 3111630-15.patch18.31 KBranjith_kumar_k_u
#14 Screenshot-after-patch.jpg75.47 KBranjith_kumar_k_u
#14 Screenshot-before-patch.jpg77.1 KBranjith_kumar_k_u
#12 interdiff_10-12.txt2.93 KBvsujeetkumar
#12 3111630_12.patch18.34 KBvsujeetkumar
#10 interdiff_2-10.txt13 KBvsujeetkumar
#10 3111630_10.patch15.66 KBvsujeetkumar
#2 3111630-after.png17.18 KBduaelfr
#2 3111630-before.png13.63 KBduaelfr
#2 media_library_upload_form_use_source_field_label-3111630-2.patch2.97 KBduaelfr

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Comments

DuaelFr created an issue. See original summary.

duaelfr’s picture

Status: Active » Needs review
StatusFileSize
new2.97 KB
new13.63 KB
new17.18 KB

Here is a quick patch to see what people think about this use case.

Before

After

Status: Needs review » Needs work
rithesh bk’s picture

Assigned: Unassigned » rithesh bk

currently i am working on that ......

rithesh bk’s picture

Assigned: rithesh bk » Unassigned
andrewmacpherson’s picture

Interesting idea @DuaelFr. Tagging for a UX review.

Version: 8.9.x-dev » 9.1.x-dev

Drupal 8.9.0-beta1 was released on March 20, 2020. 8.9.x is the final, long-term support (LTS) minor release of Drupal 8, which means new developments and disruptive changes should now be targeted against the 9.1.x-dev branch. For more information see the Drupal 8 and 9 minor version schedule and the Allowed changes during the Drupal 8 and 9 release cycles.

phenaproxima’s picture

Referencing #3149764: Media Library: Help text from file field missing, which I am closing as a duplicate of this one.

phenaproxima’s picture

vsujeetkumar’s picture

Status: Needs work » Needs review
StatusFileSize
new15.66 KB
new13 KB

Fixing test.

Status: Needs review » Needs work

The last submitted patch, 10: 3111630_10.patch, failed testing. View results

vsujeetkumar’s picture

Status: Needs work » Needs review
StatusFileSize
new18.34 KB
new2.93 KB

Fixing Test.

Version: 9.1.x-dev » 9.2.x-dev

Drupal 9.1.0-alpha1 will be released the week of October 19, 2020, which means new developments and disruptive changes should now be targeted for the 9.2.x-dev branch. For more information see the Drupal 9 minor version schedule and the Allowed changes during the Drupal 9 release cycle.

ranjith_kumar_k_u’s picture

StatusFileSize
new77.1 KB
new75.47 KB

Tested the above patch on 9.2.x dev version, it works fine
Before patch before patch
After patch after patch.RTBC

ranjith_kumar_k_u’s picture

StatusFileSize
new18.31 KB

Re-rolled from #12

Version: 9.2.x-dev » 9.3.x-dev

Drupal 9.2.0-alpha1 will be released the week of May 3, 2021, which means new developments and disruptive changes should now be targeted for the 9.3.x-dev branch. For more information see the Drupal core minor version schedule and the Allowed changes during the Drupal core release cycle.

kim.pepper’s picture

Issue tags: +#pnx-sprint
joachim’s picture

Status: Needs review » Reviewed & tested by the community

LGTM.

Nitpick: I would have probably added just one method, getSouceFieldDefinition(). But I think it's fine as it is.

phenaproxima’s picture

Status: Reviewed & tested by the community » Needs review

I don't know if I agree with the idea of adding two new, very specific methods for two very specific keys of the input element. IMHO, subclasses should just override buildInputElement() and update the #title and #description properties directly.

phenaproxima’s picture

Status: Needs review » Needs work
Issue tags: +Needs reroll

Also, it looks like this needs a reroll. Therefore, could we switch it to a merge request?

phenaproxima’s picture

To be very honest...I'm wondering if this belongs in core.

I think that, with maybe a couple of minor internal tweaks, this is something that would be quite feasible in contrib. It's also something that could be configured differently for different media types. With some media types, it might be clearer to say "Add files" or "Add images" than just "Images". Being able to set a custom field label and description in the media type configuration might be more useful to site builders, and could be implemented by something like Media Library Extras.

Thoughts?

vsujeetkumar’s picture

Status: Needs work » Needs review
Issue tags: -Needs reroll
StatusFileSize
new18.25 KB

Re-roll patch created for 9.3.x.

joachim’s picture

> I don't know if I agree with the idea of adding two new, very specific methods for two very specific keys of the input element. IMHO, subclasses should just override buildInputElement() and update the #title and #description properties directly.

Ok, well two of us agree that we shouldn't add two new methods.

But I don't think plugin subclasses should have to do this, they will just be repeating the same work each time:

- the plugin has a source field
- the source field has a label and description in its configuration
- the media library upload form should get the label and description from the source field

> To be very honest...I'm wondering if this belongs in core.

I definitely don't think this should go in contrib.

The media library is showing a form to add media of a particular type, and showing the source field for that type. It's simply good UX to show the widget for that field properly -- with its configured label and description.

phenaproxima’s picture

It's simply good UX to show the widget for that field properly -- with its configured label and description.

While I agree in principle, I'm wondering how it will actually look and behave in practice. I think that's what should set the direction. Does this change, as proposed, truly provide the best experience for end users?

What I'd ideally like to do is go in front of the UX team and demo the status quo against the current implementation in the patch, and see what folks' opinions are. That would let us remove the "Needs usability review" tag from this issue, and give us a clearer sense of what to do here with regard to implementing it in core or contrib.

phenaproxima’s picture

Let me also clarify why I'm hesitant about this: the problem with reusing the source field label and description is that they're not context-sensitive. While they might make perfect, intuitive sense to end users when displayed on, say, a /media/add/whatever form, they might be nonsensical and confusing when seen in the context of the media library modal. The "does it make sense in context?" question is also important from an accessibility standpoint.

So obviously, one thing we could do is make the media library-facing label and description configurable, maybe by adding a third-party setting to the media type. I'd be amenable to that, but I'm not aware of any reason why such a thing couldn't or shouldn't be done in contrib. Adding it to core means giving the site builder even more things to think about when creating media types, and increases the media system's maintenance burden. If the core UX is already reasonable (as determined by the UX team), that's an even stronger reason to put it in contrib.

seanb’s picture

There are several reasons we have a custom file field in the media library. Most important, the purpose of the file field in the library is a bit different from the purpose of file field in a media source. The library allows multiple items (if the media reference field does) while the media item itself mostly allows only a single file. It also magically creates 1 or more media items after uploading, while the upload field in the media item itself doesn't. For that reason I don't think you can generically say the source field label and description are better and suitable. I don't think there is a one-size-fits-all solution here. I guess the label and description could also depend on the media reference field. The upload field label for a header image might be different from the upload field label of a banner, even though they both use the image media type/source.

That being said, being able to optimise the field label/description for your users/use-case is very helpful. So I agree that you should somehow be able fix that. Technically, you can already change it using a form alter. Not sure if that is good enough?

I would personally say if the form alter is not good enough and we want to have UI for this, we could try to add settings to the media library widget in https://www.drupal.org/project/media_library_extras and see if that works for everyone? Although you would technically need to be able to configure a label and description for every implementation of AddFormBase. Which could be a pain to manage and confusing to configure.

phenaproxima’s picture

Although you would technically need to be able to configure a label and description for every implementation of AddFormBase. Which could be a pain to manage and confusing to configure.

Having looked at grep.xnddx.ru, I think most implementations of AddFormBase tend to follow predictable patterns which we can detect with a reasonably smart form alter. It wouldn't be foolproof, but I think it would catch most cases. Media Library Extras could also provide a small API for more exotic subclasses of AddFormBase to use.

joachim’s picture

> Let me also clarify why I'm hesitant about this: the problem with reusing the source field label and description is that they're not context-sensitive. While they might make perfect, intuitive sense to end users when displayed on, say, a /media/add/whatever form, they might be nonsensical and confusing when seen in the context of the media library modal. The "does it make sense in context?" question is also important from an accessibility standpoint.

If that's the case, then is it even safe to use that field out of context in the modal form?

phenaproxima’s picture

If that's the case, then is it even safe to use that field out of context in the modal form?

Not sure I understand what you mean here. As @seanB pointed out, we don't use the source field in the modal form (we do use it under the hood, but we don't present it to the user). The field that appears in the modal form isn't used anywhere else that I know of. Its very specific purpose is to add some number of media items in the specialized, stripped-down context of the media library. It's fundamentally different from the source field of a single media item.

bnjmnm’s picture

I see the UX benefits and there are potential assistive tech benefits by it providing a more specific field name to rotors. My main concerns on adding this to core would not be an issue if this was done when Media Library was experimental. Adding it now seems potentially disruptive to existing sites making good use of Media Library. The naming strategy employed my site builders could be potentially very different if they were aware the names would be visible within the media library dialog. Depending on the naming, I could see this change not just being confusing, but perceived by some users as something wrong with the site.
At the very least, it would need to be opt-in as I think it's too potentially jarring a change for existing sites. That said, were this feature opt-in, I'm unsure how many sites would know to even switch it on as it may just be a new element in a form that is easily tuned out, and adoption would potentially be more likely in contrib as it would be driven by users specifically seeking the feature.

Version: 9.3.x-dev » 9.4.x-dev

Drupal 9.3.0-rc1 was released on November 26, 2021, which means new developments and disruptive changes should now be targeted for the 9.4.x-dev branch. For more information see the Drupal core minor version schedule and the Allowed changes during the Drupal core release cycle.

Version: 9.4.x-dev » 9.5.x-dev

Drupal 9.4.0-alpha1 was released on May 6, 2022, which means new developments and disruptive changes should now be targeted for the 9.5.x-dev branch. For more information see the Drupal core minor version schedule and the Allowed changes during the Drupal core release cycle.

Version: 9.5.x-dev » 10.1.x-dev

Drupal 9.5.0-beta2 and Drupal 10.0.0-beta2 were released on September 29, 2022, which means new developments and disruptive changes should now be targeted for the 10.1.x-dev branch. For more information see the Drupal core minor version schedule and the Allowed changes during the Drupal core release cycle.

needs-review-queue-bot’s picture

Status: Needs review » Needs work
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new144 bytes

The Needs Review Queue Bot tested this issue. It either no longer applies to Drupal core, or fails the Drupal core commit checks. Therefore, this issue status is now "Needs work".

Apart from a re-roll or rebase, this issue may need more work to address feedback in the issue or MR comments. To progress an issue, incorporate this feedback as part of the process of updating the issue. This helps other contributors to know what is outstanding.

Consult the Drupal Contributor Guide to find step-by-step guides for working with issues.

Version: 10.1.x-dev » 11.x-dev

Drupal core is moving towards using a “main” branch. As an interim step, a new 11.x branch has been opened, as Drupal.org infrastructure cannot currently fully support a branch named main. New developments and disruptive changes should now be targeted for the 11.x branch, which currently accepts only minor-version allowed changes. For more information, see the Drupal core minor version schedule and the Allowed changes during the Drupal core release cycle.

nixou’s picture

Status: Needs work » Needs review
StatusFileSize
new16.49 KB

Re-roll patch for 10.2.x.

nixou’s picture

StatusFileSize
new16.5 KB

Fix PHPCS errors

kanchan bhogade’s picture

Status: Needs review » Reviewed & tested by the community
StatusFileSize
new29.65 KB
new34.5 KB
new30.42 KB
new29.3 KB
new29.16 KB
new34.68 KB
new29.16 KB
new28.23 KB

Hi,
I verified and tested the Patch #37 on the Drupal 11. x version.
Patch applied successfully

Testing steps:

  1. Install the Drupal version 11. x
  2. Add Media and Media Library Module
  3. Go to Structure > Content types -> Add Media field for any content type and save
  4. Go to Add Content -> click on Add Media -> select different media options
  5. check for the label; it's not changing for different media
  6. Apply Patch, again check for the same

Test Result:
When selecting different types of media, that particular media is displayed as a Label

Attaching screenshots for reference

Moving to RTBC

phenaproxima’s picture

Status: Reviewed & tested by the community » Needs work

The patch is failing automated tests, unfortunately. It can’t be committed until they all pass… :(

nixou’s picture

Test fails with errors like No space left on device which seems related to a CIT infrastructure problem.

Not sure what we can do to solve this.

shweta__sharma’s picture

Issue summary: View changes

Added standard IS template.

Hardik_Patel_12 made their first commit to this issue’s fork.

acbramley made their first commit to this issue’s fork.

acbramley’s picture

Issue summary: View changes
Status: Needs work » Needs review
StatusFileSize
new23.19 KB
new24.52 KB
new25.76 KB
new24.21 KB
acbramley’s picture

Issue summary: View changes
neptune-dc’s picture

Status: Needs review » Reviewed & tested by the community
StatusFileSize
new1.09 MB

I have reviewed the content and confirmed that it presents the name and description for audio document, image and video media.

I was mildly surprised that it did not also update the name at `media/add/audio`, `media/add/video`, etc, but I can understand why it wasn't. The same information is visible elsewhere on the page.

benjifisher’s picture

Status: Reviewed & tested by the community » Needs work
Issue tags: +Needs issue summary update, +Needs screenshots

We discussed this issue at #3531329: Drupal Usability Meeting 2025-06-27. That issue has a link to a recording of the meeting. For the record, the attendees at the usability meeting were @benjifisher and @rkoller.

I plan to leave another comment summarizing that meeting, but until then you can watch the recording.

benjifisher’s picture

Usability review

Issue summary updates

I added the tag for an issue summary update. The purpose of the issue summary is to help anyone reviewing the issue understand the proposed changes, and the current summary does not do a good job of that.

  1. The Problem/Motivation should be something like this: "When a user uploads a file to a Media reference field, there is not enough context to tell the user what kind of file is expected (audio, image, etc.)." The current text is basically the same as the Proposed Resolution.
  2. The issue summary should be very clear about what the "source field" means: the file field on the media entity. This detail is mentioned in passing under the "User interface changes" section, but it should be more prominent and more explicit. This detail is important for understanding the Proposed Resolution.
  3. The Steps to reproduce (STR) should be more explicit, so that they lead to a consistent state. The Umami demo profile is good for this sort of thing. My STR are typically something like this:
    1. Install Drupal with the Umami demo profile.
    2. Edit field_media_document at Administration > Structure > Media types > Edit Document > Manage fields (/en/admin/structure/media/manage/document/fields). For testing purposes, add something under "Help text".
    3. Edit field_media_image at Administration > Structure > Content types > Article > Manage fields (/en/admin/structure/types/manage/article/fields). Under Media type, select all options.
    4. Create a new Article node (/en/node/add/article). Use the "Add media" button to open the modal editing window, and select Document from the vertical tabs.
  4. The screenshots in the User interface changes section should be based on the last step of the STR, and they should show the Help text (description) added in the earlier step.
  5. Some part of the issue summary, perhaps Problem/Motivation, should compare the file upload field that does not have enough context to the form at /en/media/add/document, which does have more context (the field label and description mentioned in this issue). This comparison will help avoid confusion, point out where the label and description are currently shown, and point out the inconsistency between the two forms.

Proposed resolution

There were only two people present at the Usability meeting, so these recommendations have less weight than if it had been a larger meeting.

We considered various goals of the proposed changes:

  1. Provide better context for the user uploading a file.
  2. Be more consistent between the forms at /en/node/add/article and /en/media/add/document.
  3. Avoid having more interface text than necessary. ("Less is more.")

The current proposal helps with (1), but goes in the wrong direction for (2). Furthermore, we felt that adding the description (Help text) to the existing field description made it easy to miss.

Instead of replacing the standard "Add field" label with the source field’s label, we feel that a better solution is to add the source field’s label and description above the add-file widget. Explicitly, we suggest something like the following:

Source field label (probably as an <h2> element) Example: Document

Source field description (maybe as a <p> element) Example: This is the help text for the Document field (for the sake of example).

Add file

...

We feel that this provides better context, since the description, if any, is more prominent. (To be clear, less is more: the default description is empty, and site builders should leave it that way unless there is something useful to put there.) We feel this increases consistency between the two forms, since the other one already has the field label as the summary of a <details> element. The drawback is that our suggestion fails the "less is more" test, but we feel that the other points make up for that.

If you want more feedback from the usability team, a good way to reach out is in the #ux channel in Slack.

acbramley’s picture

Issue summary: View changes
Status: Needs work » Needs review

Re #49

Actioned 1, 2 and 3.

Re 4 - This is already the case, is it not? It shows before and after of 2 media types, one with help text for the last step of the new STR.

5. I believe is covered now.

The current proposal helps with (1), but goes in the wrong direction for (2).

How does it go in the wrong direction? It's directly matching the media add form?

Instead of replacing the standard "Add field" label with the source field’s label, we feel that a better solution is to add the source field’s label and description above the add-file widget.

This was suggested in a previous iteration of this issue I believe. IMO this is adding more noise and going against goal 3 you mentioned.

Adding the description to the existing description (file upload help) matches other UIs such as the media/add form.

needs-review-queue-bot’s picture

Status: Needs review » Needs work
StatusFileSize
new90 bytes

The Needs Review Queue Bot tested this issue. It no longer applies to Drupal core. Therefore, this issue status is now "Needs work".

This does not mean that the patch necessarily needs to be re-rolled or the MR rebased. Read the Issue Summary, the issue tags and the latest discussion here to determine what needs to be done.

Consult the Drupal Contributor Guide to find step-by-step guides for working with issues.

sokru made their first commit to this issue’s fork.

sokru’s picture

Status: Needs work » Needs review

Rebased, test failures seems unrelated.

needs-review-queue-bot’s picture

Status: Needs review » Needs work
StatusFileSize
new90 bytes

The Needs Review Queue Bot tested this issue. It no longer applies to Drupal core. Therefore, this issue status is now "Needs work".

This does not mean that the patch necessarily needs to be re-rolled or the MR rebased. Read the Issue Summary, the issue tags and the latest discussion here to determine what needs to be done.

Consult the Drupal Contributor Guide to find step-by-step guides for working with issues.

acbramley’s picture

Status: Needs work » Needs review
Issue tags: -Needs issue summary update, -Needs screenshots
smustgrave’s picture

Probably for UX team to decide but should it be "Add Image File"?

acbramley’s picture

Add Image File

No because media can be non-images too. The existing "Add file(s)" label is only used when the field doesn't have a label (basically just a safe guard).

Version: 11.x-dev » main

Drupal core is now using the main branch as the primary development branch. New developments and disruptive changes should now be targeted to the main branch.

Read more in the announcement.

cewernlund’s picture

Hey all, I had to make a minor change to patch #37 to adjust for one of the tests in the latest version of Drupal 11.3.5 to get it to apply. I'll work on getting a MR but in the meantime wanted to share the file for anyone who might need it.

3111630-59-media-library-label-and-description.patch

cewernlund’s picture

Regarding the UX conversation around whether to include something like this in core, it seemed like the commentary spun a little from how I read the problem statement but the main problem for our users is that if you update the Help Text for a field under Structure > Medias Type > Edit Media Item -> Help Text, that value does not get propagated to the Media Library Upload Widget when uploading Media Items from the Content Editor, whereas it does show from the dedicated upload page.

I've provided screenshots illustrating the problem statement for our users as it seems to be a simple one that the patch solves.

1.) Add Custom Help Text to a media field
Custom Help Text on Media Item

2.) Verify the Help Text is showing on the Upload Media Page for that Media Type
Custom Help Text Working on Media Upload Page

3.) Compare that to the Help Text for uploading a file when using the Media Library Upload Widget from editing a Content item.
Custom Help Text not working for Media Library Upload Widget from Content

If I understand the questions correctly, the suggestion turned into having two different fields to represent that Help Text (description) and Title for the static page and the dynamic media library. That seems to be overkill for customization as both the Label and Description should work for all representations of the field to upload something. Any additional clarifying text should likely be appended to that base if it needs to be customized.

Thank you to everyone for their engagement with this issue and I look forward to seeing the resolution of this!

needs-review-queue-bot’s picture

Status: Needs review » Needs work
StatusFileSize
new666 bytes

The Needs Review Queue Bot tested this issue. It fails the Drupal core commit checks. Therefore, this issue status is now "Needs work".

This does not mean that the patch necessarily needs to be re-rolled or the MR rebased. Read the Issue Summary, the issue tags and the latest discussion here to determine what needs to be done.

Consult the Drupal Contributor Guide to find step-by-step guides for working with issues.

smustgrave’s picture

Status: Needs work » Needs review

Bot rebellion

benjifisher’s picture

Issue summary: View changes
Issue tags: +MidCamp2026

The Usability team discussed this issue at #3585350: Drupal Usability Meeting 2026-04-24. That issue has a link to a recording of the meeting. I am giving issue credit here to the attendees at the usability meeting: @benjifisher, @pallavi singh3013, @rkoller, @simohell, and @worldlinemine.

We were not able to make much progress because it has been months since any of us looked at this issue, and the issue summary still does not make it easy to understand the proposed changes. For now, instead of making recommendations on the proposed resolution, I am updating the issue description:

  1. The screenshots show help text for the Video media type, so in the steps to reproduce (STR) I say to add help text for field_media_video_file instead of field_media_document.
  2. The screenshots show vertical tabs for three Media types, so I am editing the STR to be consistent.
  3. In the "Problem/Motivation" section, I am clarifying that this issue is about the modal form when adding a Media item to an entity, not the dedicated form at /media/add/[type].
  4. In the "Problem/Motivation" section, I am emphasizing the two proposed changes: the label and the description.

These changes are in line with what I requested in Comment #49. I think the changes I am making now implicitly answer some of the questions in Comment #50.