glyphicon-filter is making translation interface not to work

I fixed this the fast way by reimplementing a process callback in my theme template.php. This is not an ideal solution, but fixed the issue.

/**
 * Implements hook_element_info_alter().
 *
 * Alter some Bootstrap process callbacks
 */
function my_theme_element_info_alter(&$elements) {
  foreach ($elements as &$element) {
    // Process all elements.
    $element['#process'][] = '_my_theme_process_element';
  }
}

Then the process callback included an exception array based on form_id:

/**
 * Process all elements.
 */
function _my_theme_process_element(&$element, &$form_state) {
  $exceptions = array(
    'locale_translation_filter_form',
  );
  $form_id = isset($form_state['build_info']['form_id']) ? $form_state['build_info']['form_id'] : '';

  if (!empty($element['#attributes']['class']) && is_array($element['#attributes']['class'])) {
    $key = array_search('container-inline', $element['#attributes']['class']);
    if ($key !== FALSE) {
      $element['#attributes']['class'][$key] = 'form-inline';
    }
    if (in_array('form-wrapper', $element['#attributes']['class'])) {
      $element['#attributes']['class'][] = 'form-group';
    }
  }
  // Process form actions.
  if (!empty($element['#type']) && $element['#type'] === 'actions') {
    foreach (element_children($element) as $child) {
      if (!in_array($form_id, $exceptions)) {
        _bootstrap_iconize_button($element[$child]);
      }
    }
  }
  // Automatically inject the nearest button found after this element if
  // #input_group_button exists.
  if (!empty($element['#input_group_button'])) {
    // Obtain the parent array to limit search.
    $array_parents = array();
    if (!empty($element['#array_parents'])) {
      $array_parents += $element['#array_parents'];
      // Remove the current element from the array.
      array_pop($array_parents);
    }
    // If element is nested, return the referenced parent from the form.
    if (!empty($array_parents)) {
      $parent = &drupal_array_get_nested_value($form_state['complete form'], $array_parents);
    }
    // Otherwise return the complete form.
    else {
      $parent = &$form_state['complete form'];
    }
    // Ignore buttons before we find the element in the form.
    $found_current_element = FALSE;
    foreach (element_children($parent) as $child) {
      if ($parent[$child] === $element) {
        $found_current_element = TRUE;
        continue;
      }
      if ($found_current_element && _bootstrap_is_button($parent[$child])) {
        _bootstrap_iconize_button($parent[$child]);
        $element['#field_suffix'] = drupal_render($parent[$child]);
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  return $element;
}

There were alter hooks added that allow you to change this.

See this issue.