Description from the Field Collection project:
Provides a field-collection field, to which any number of fields can be attached.
A field collection is internally represented as an entity, which is embedded in the host entity. Thus, if desired field collections may be viewed and edited separately too.
So you have a "parent" entity that can contain other entity(ies) that behave as fields in that the user can add more than one of them without leaving the "parent" entity form. Since it might be easier to explain with an example, here's a common use case that hopefully makes things clear(er):
Suppose you have a "state" entity that has some regular fields like "state_population", "state_size" and so on. You also need it to have a "cities" field, but you need this field to be fieldable too. So, you can add the cities within each state and at the same time include their own respective "city_population" and "city_size" etc fields. You can set this special filed to have only one value but the common use case scenario is to have multiple values in which case the "cities" field in our example has a "add additional item" button/feature. As you add cities from within the state edit form, new city nodes are created (instead of fields).
I guess you can sum it up by saying that you have other "child" entities being attached/linked to the "parent" entity instead of fields added directly to it. Hope this makes sense.
Note that this is different from the core issue #501366: Add field grouping to Drupal core that aims to bring Field Group into core in order to provide the feature of simply grouping fields together in the form/display.
Comments
Comment #1
klonos...sorry
Comment #2
MickL commentedthe problem of field collection is that it is seperated from the manage fields tab (admin/structure/types/manage/*/fields)
this is an example how a usefull implementation into core could look like:

Comment #3
tstoecklerRe #2: I think what you mean is #501366: Add field grouping to Drupal core. If not, and you think field_collection.module should use such a UI, then I don't how to distinguish the two, because we need to support both (currently in contrib, but still...).
Comment #4
netsensei commentedOkay. Suppose we go for this. What do we need to do?
Questions:
Given the amount of work ahead, what are the arguments pro and con getting this into core?
Pro:
Con:
Comment #5
swentel commentedUnderneath field, the effort to move entity reference does the same, see #1801304: Add Entity reference field. It would also need a dedicated maintainer, see also #1823042: Add maintainers and d.o components for all field type modules - which ER is also going todo.
My gut feeling is that moving this into core is going to be a complex task and even Field Collection itself in contrib hasn't even had an official 1.0 release until now, so I'd rather move this to D9. But you're free to start moving on of course :)
Comment #6
netsensei commentedI agree. Though, I admit I'm game to take on the challenge, this late into the game, I think there are more pressing issues which need attention.
Suppose we do get this in before feature freeze, getting the code from beta to stable could happen while we clean up bugs.
Comment #7
netsensei commentedOkay. To be totally clear about this: Although I like the challenge, given the tight timeframe and the complexity of the request, I'm not committing myself to actually get FC into 8.x before feature freeze.
I'm going with Swentels' recommendation and mark this as postponed (for now).
Comment #8
webchickThis is most likely D9 at this point.
Comment #9
larowlanWorking on a d8 version over here if you want to get involved
http://drupal.org/sandbox/larowlan/1966232
Comment #10
lpalgarvio commentedComment #11
lpalgarvio commentedComment #12
catchMarking duplicate of #501366: Add field grouping to Drupal core - we only need one issue for discussing the general concept.