[meta] Use memory cache instead of property caches

Problem/Motivation

Following #3047289: Standardize how we implement in-memory caches we have a standard pattern for in-memory caches in core, however most core code doesn't use the pattern because it was written before it was introduced.

Where we're using class properties purely as a 'static cache' we should instead inject a memory cache and use that instead.

This will help with #2218651: [meta] Make Drupal compatible with persistent app servers like ReactPHP, PHP-PM, PHPFastCGI, FrankenPHP, Swoole because it creates a centralised way to reset in-memory caches. It also means we'll be able to remove various one-off ::reset() method and some test workarounds.

Will need to be done in multiple issues.

Steps to reproduce

Proposed resolution

Remaining tasks

User interface changes

Introduced terminology

API changes

Data model changes

Release notes snippet