Use Ubuntu images in all CI environments for core

Problem/Motivation

Following #3420972: Add testing wtih SQLite 3.45 there are two flavours of PHP container for CI, php-8.3-apache with SQLite 3.40 and php-8.3-ubuntu-apache with SQLite 3.45. At present only the SQLite tests use the later container.

Some build tests require SQLite even when run on other database drivers and have code that checks the version:

  protected function setUp(): void {
    $sqlite = (new \PDO('sqlite::memory:'))->query('select sqlite_version()')->fetch()[0];
    if (version_compare($sqlite, Tasks::SQLITE_MINIMUM_VERSION) < 0) {
      $this->markTestSkipped();
    }

However, this means that these tests are effectively skipped on MySQL/Postgres because their PHP containers run SQLite 3.40 but in 11.x SQLITE_MINIMUM_VERSION is set to 3.45. In turn this resulted in #3458975: GenerateThemeTest::testContribStarterkitDevSnapshotWithGitNotInstalled fails on sqlite not being noticed for several weeks because most of the time we don't explicitly run tests on SQLite.

Steps to reproduce

Proposed resolution

Use the -ubuntu variant of all containers *except* in 10.x when we explicitly want to test on an older version of SQLite.

Remaining tasks

User interface changes

API changes

Data model changes

Release notes snippet