Using \Drupal\Core\Database\Query\Insert::from() on postgres on a table with a serial field can result in duplicate key error

Problem/Motivation

If you do something like:

    $database->insert('table_with_serial_id')->from(
      $database->select('table_with_serial_id_backup')->fields('table_with_serial_id_backup')
    )->execute();
    $database->insert('table_with_serial_id')->fields([
      'value' => 'Foob bar,
    ])->execute()

Where table_with_serial_id_backup contains a couple of rows - PostgreSQL will error on the second insert because \Drupal\pgsql\Driver\Database\pgsql\Insert::execute() has not update the sequence like it would for an insert not using a fromQuery.

See https://git.drupalcode.org/issue/drupal-3561800/-/jobs/7571540#L2892 for the failing test case.

Proposed resolution

Always update sequences if the fromQuery includes the serial field.

Remaining tasks

User interface changes

None

Introduced terminology

N/a

API changes

None

Data model changes

None

Release notes snippet

N/a