Add support for features

1. +++ b/modules/scrambler_field/includes/scrambler_field.view.inc
   @@ -87,8 +95,8 @@ function scrambler_field_preprocess_views_view_table(array &$vars) {
   +    if ($row['field_machine_name'] != 0) {
   

   Why are you checking against a 0 ? Perhaps the empty string or using isset would be better ?

2. +++ b/modules/scrambler_field/scrambler_field.install
   @@ -29,3 +47,44 @@ function scrambler_field_schema() {
   +        'field_name' => $field->fid === '-1' ? 'title' : $field_info[$field->fid],
   

   Perhaps add a comment here why you do the -1 check?

Originally your schema had 1 field (fid), now you are adding field_name.
You want to automatically add the machine name of each field already in this table, right?
In that case, instead of using an update hook inside a foreach loop, I would use a bulk delete/insert instead. (this action affects all the records anyway)
You already start by doing a select to get all fids.
Next i would truncate the whole table.
Next, based on your $fid array, you can build a bulk insert hook.
Something like:

$configured_fields = db_select('scrambler_field', 'sf')
      ->fields('sf', array('fid'))
      ->execute()
      ->fetchAll();

db_truncate('scrambler_field')->execute();
// Update all fields to work with the field machine name instead of an id.
$insert_query = db_insert('scrambler_field')->fields(array('fid', 'field_name'));
foreach ($configured_fields as $field) {
  $insert_query->values = array(
    'fid' => $field->fid,
    'field_name' => $field->fid === '-1' ? 'title' : $field_info[$field->fid],
  );
}
$insert_query->execute();

Hereby the patch file of my previous comment.

There is no specific reason why I started by using field id instead of the field machine name. It's just my way of working for all kind of relations in tables. So I don't see an issue to switch to the field machine name.