MediaWiki has some kind of handing for "special numbers" built in. An ISBN is such a "special number", but in 'MediaWiki Filter' there is not much handling out of the box (if recognized, it becomes a link that points to the site's homepage).
Wew need to target the handling of these "special number" somehow. For ISBN number, 'MediaWiki Filter' could - for example - hook into Bibliography Module, ISBN Field/Open Library API, or Amazon Module.