Images are uploading but not being written to the database

I am having trouble uploading images via image fields. I am not exactly sure why it is happening, but here is what I've observed so far:

*site observations
- Image files seem to "disappear" despite uploading correctly in node/add
- All other fields show up fine
- The image shows if I create an img in the body field
- The image disappears when editing the node, as if it wasn't uploaded at all.

*file observations
- file is appearing in sites/default/files
- file is resized to the styles I specified
- I am using default htaccess
- sites/default/files is 755

*database observations
- file appears in file_managed as a temporary file
- field information from earlier uploads is still present
- new field information is not written into the appropriate field_data table

*log observations
- Nothing is written to the log other than node creation and updates

*attempted fixes
- Image uploads did not work if I put a new field in the same content type
- Image uploads worked again if I created a new content type, even if all of the conditions are the same. Worst case I will create a new content type and migrate it.

* possible modules involved, I am using the newest versions of all of them.
- Image
- FlexSlider
- Conditional Fields

At this point I cannot determine whether the content type data was somehow corrupted, or if this is a bug in the image module itself. Since the site is new it would not be too painful to migrate the existing information to a new content type, but I would prefer to find the bug aand fix it instead.