What is the best practice for respecting a users Do Not Track setting?

IMO I don't think a site counting visits to its own pages, without any identifying information, would be considered tracking for purposes of Do Not Track. DNT is primarily concerned with third-party tracking by sites you did not explicitly visit, as per http://donottrack.us/ and https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2011/02/what-does-track-do-not-track-mean

Note, at present drupal 8 is still logging IP address in the comment (if a comment is created), sessions (if a session is saved) and watchdog tables (if an error/warning/notice is logged).

Agreed, node counter is outside of the scope of the spirit of the DNT header. Propose we close this out as "won't fix."

Good question though @Dave Reid. It would be good if there were a Drupal module that's out there that is already exploring this space.

With things like the EU Cookie laws, it's encouraging to see:
https://drupal.org/project/eu-cookie-compliance

But I do think that there is probably going to be increased awareness of privacy options and CMS's that are able to support that.

I'm going to bump this issue ahead to D9 rather than setting it as won't fix rather than setting it as won't fix. I think the focus should be on the Do Not Track setting rather than specifically on the counter "Should the statistics node counter", so changed the title.

Heck, if Twitter is supporting this.....

This is definitely not "tracking", as others have already pointed out.