diff -u b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Cache/DatabaseBackend.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Cache/DatabaseBackend.php
--- b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Cache/DatabaseBackend.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Cache/DatabaseBackend.php
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@
   /**
    * Defines the schema for the {cache_*} bin and {cachetags} tables.
    */
-  public function getSchema($table_name = '') {
+  public function getSchema($table_name) {
     $schema[$this->bin] = array(
       'description' => 'Storage for the cache API.',
       'fields' => array(
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@
       ),
       'primary key' => array('tag'),
     );
-    return isset($schema[$table_name]) ? $schema[$table_name] : NULL;
+    return isset($schema[$table_name]) ? $schema[$table_name] : FALSE;
   }
 
 }
diff -u b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/DatabaseStorage.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/DatabaseStorage.php
--- b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/DatabaseStorage.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/DatabaseStorage.php
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
   /**
    * Defines the schema for the configuration table.
    */
-  public function getSchema($table_name = '') {
+  public function getSchema($table_name) {
     $schema = array(
       'description' => 'The base table for configuration data.',
       'fields' => array(
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
       ),
       'primary key' => array('collection', 'name'),
     );
-    return $schema;
+    return $this->table == $table_name ? $schema : FALSE;
   }
 
   /**
diff -u b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Database/SchemaProviderInterface.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Database/SchemaProviderInterface.php
--- b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Database/SchemaProviderInterface.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Database/SchemaProviderInterface.php
@@ -20,14 +20,14 @@
    *
    * @param string $table_name
-   *   The name of the table being created. Typically it's safe to ignore this
-   *   unless the class implementing this interface works with multiple tables.
+   *   The name of the table being created. The implementation must check this.
    *
-   * @return array
-   *   A schema API array
+   * @return array|FALSE
+   *   A schema API array or FALSE if this implementation doesn't know about
+   *   the $table_name table.
    *
    * @see hook_schema()
    * @see \Drupal\Core\Cache\DatabaseBackend
    */
-  public function getSchema($table_name = '');
+  public function getSchema($table_name);
 }
 
diff -u b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Menu/MenuTreeStorage.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Menu/MenuTreeStorage.php
--- b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Menu/MenuTreeStorage.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Menu/MenuTreeStorage.php
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@
   protected function preSave(array &$link, array $original) {
     static $schema_fields, $schema_defaults;
     if (empty($schema_fields)) {
-      $schema = $this->getSchema();
+      $schema = $this->getSchema($this->table);
       $schema_fields = $schema['fields'];
       foreach ($schema_fields as $name => $spec) {
         if (isset($spec['default'])) {
@@ -1110,7 +1110,7 @@
    */
   protected function serializedFields() {
     if (empty($this->serializedFields)) {
-      $schema = $this->getSchema();
+      $schema = $this->getSchema($this->table);
       foreach ($schema['fields'] as $name => $field) {
         if (!empty($field['serialize'])) {
           $this->serializedFields[] = $name;
@@ -1136,7 +1136,7 @@
    * @return array
    *   The schema API definition for the SQL storage table.
    */
-  public function getSchema($table_name = '') {
+  public function getSchema($table_name) {
     $schema = array(
       'description' => 'Contains the menu tree hierarchy.',
       'fields' => array(
@@ -1383,7 +1383,7 @@
       ),
     );
 
-    return $schema;
+    return $this->table == $table_name ? $schema: FALSE;
   }
 
 }
diff -u b/core/modules/system/src/Tests/Database/SelectTest.php b/core/modules/system/src/Tests/Database/SelectTest.php
--- b/core/modules/system/src/Tests/Database/SelectTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/system/src/Tests/Database/SelectTest.php
@@ -524,6 +524,6 @@
    * @return array
    */
-  public function getSchema($table_name = '') {
-    return drupal_get_schema_unprocessed('database_test', 'test');
+  public function getSchema($table_name) {
+    return $table_name == 'test' ? drupal_get_schema_unprocessed('database_test', 'test') : FALSE;
   }
 }