diff -u b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/CachedStorage.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/CachedStorage.php
--- b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/CachedStorage.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/CachedStorage.php
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 
 use Drupal\Core\Cache\Cache;
 use Drupal\Core\Cache\CacheBackendInterface;
-use Drupal\Core\Cache\CacheFactoryInterface;
 
 /**
  * Defines the cached storage.
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@
    * Implements Drupal\Core\Config\StorageInterface::read().
    */
   public function read($name) {
-    $cache_key = $this->createCacheKey($name);
+    $cache_key = $this->getCacheKey($name);
     if ($cache = $this->cache->get($cache_key)) {
       // The cache contains either the cached configuration data or FALSE
       // if the configuration file does not exist.
@@ -86,17 +85,16 @@
    */
   public function readMultiple(array $names) {
     $data_to_return = array();
-    // The names array is passed by reference and will only contain the names of
-    // config object not found after the method call.
-    // @see \Drupal\Core\Cache\CacheBackendInterface::getMultiple()
-    $cache_keys_map = $this->createCacheKeys($names);
+
+    $cache_keys_map = $this->getCacheKeys($names);
     $cache_keys = array_values($cache_keys_map);
     $cached_list = $this->cache->getMultiple($cache_keys);
 
     if (!empty($cache_keys)) {
-      // Whilst the keys of $cache_keys should be the configuration names that
-      // would for implementation details on CacheBackendInterface::getMultiple()
-      // that we should not trust.
+      // $cache_keys_map contains the full $name => $cache_key map, while
+      // $cache_keys contains just the $cache_key values that weren't found in
+      // the cache.
+      // @see \Drupal\Core\Cache\CacheBackendInterface::getMultiple()
       $names_to_get = array_keys(array_intersect($cache_keys_map, $cache_keys));
       $list = $this->storage->readMultiple($names_to_get);
       // Cache configuration objects that were loaded from the storage, cache
@@ -104,16 +102,18 @@
       $items = array();
       foreach ($names_to_get as $name) {
         $data = isset($list[$name]) ? $list[$name] : FALSE;
+        $data_to_return[$name] = $data;
         $items[$cache_keys_map[$name]] = array('data' => $data);
-        $data_to_return[$cache_keys_map[$name]] = $data;
       }
 
       $this->cache->setMultiple($items);
     }
 
     // Add the configuration objects from the cache to the list.
+    $cache_keys_inverse_map = array_flip($cache_keys_map);
     foreach ($cached_list as $cache_key => $cache) {
-      $data_to_return[$cache_key] = $cache->data;
+      $name = $cache_keys_inverse_map[$cache_key];
+      $data_to_return[$name] = $cache->data;
     }
 
     // Ensure that only existing configuration objects are returned, filter out
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
     if ($this->storage->write($name, $data)) {
       // While not all written data is read back, setting the cache instead of
       // just deleting it avoids cache rebuild stampedes.
-      $this->cache->set($this->createCacheKey($name), $data);
+      $this->cache->set($this->getCacheKey($name), $data);
       Cache::deleteTags(array($this::FIND_BY_PREFIX_CACHE_TAG => TRUE));
       $this->findByPrefixCache = array();
       return TRUE;
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@
     // If the cache was the first to be deleted, another process might start
     // rebuilding the cache before the storage is gone.
     if ($this->storage->delete($name)) {
-      $this->cache->delete($this->createCacheKey($name));
+      $this->cache->delete($this->getCacheKey($name));
       Cache::deleteTags(array($this::FIND_BY_PREFIX_CACHE_TAG => TRUE));
       $this->findByPrefixCache = array();
       return TRUE;
@@ -158,8 +158,8 @@
     // If the cache was the first to be deleted, another process might start
     // rebuilding the cache before the storage is renamed.
     if ($this->storage->rename($name, $new_name)) {
-      $this->cache->delete($this->createCacheKey($name));
-      $this->cache->delete($this->createCacheKey($new_name));
+      $this->cache->delete($this->getCacheKey($name));
+      $this->cache->delete($this->getCacheKey($new_name));
       Cache::deleteTags(array($this::FIND_BY_PREFIX_CACHE_TAG => TRUE));
       $this->findByPrefixCache = array();
       return TRUE;
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@
    *   An array containing matching configuration object names.
    */
   protected function findByPrefix($prefix) {
-    $cache_key = $this->createCacheKey($prefix);
+    $cache_key = $this->getCacheKey($prefix);
     if (!isset($this->findByPrefixCache[$cache_key])) {
       // The : character is not allowed in config file names, so this can not
       // conflict.
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
     // rebuilding the cache before the storage is renamed.
     $names = $this->storage->listAll($prefix);
     if ($this->storage->deleteAll($prefix)) {
-      $this->cache->deleteMultiple($this->createCacheKeys($names));
+      $this->cache->deleteMultiple($this->getCacheKeys($names));
       return TRUE;
     }
     return FALSE;
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@
   public function createCollection($collection) {
     return new static(
       $this->storage->createCollection($collection),
-      $this->cacheFactory
+      $this->cache
     );
   }
 
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@
   }
 
   /**
-   * Creates a cache key for a configuration name using the collection.
+   * Returns a cache key for a configuration name using the collection.
    *
    * @param string $name
    *   The configuration name.
@@ -283,12 +283,12 @@
    * @return string
    *   The cache key for the configuration name.
    */
-  protected function createCacheKey($name) {
+  protected function getCacheKey($name) {
     return $this->getCollectionPrefix() . $name;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Creates a cache key map for an array of configuration names.
+   * Returns a cache key map for an array of configuration names.
    *
    * @param array $names
    *   The configuration names.
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
    * @return array
    *   An array of cache keys keyed by configuration names.
    */
-  protected function createCacheKeys(array $names) {
+  protected function getCacheKeys(array $names) {
     $prefix = $this->getCollectionPrefix();
     $cache_keys = array_map(function($name) use ($prefix) {
       return $prefix . $name;
@@ -305,6 +305,12 @@
     return array_combine($names, $cache_keys);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Returns a cache ID prefix to use for the collection.
+   *
+   * @return string
+   *   The cache ID prefix.
+   */
   protected function getCollectionPrefix() {
     $collection = $this->storage->getCollectionName();
     if ($collection == StorageInterface::DEFAULT_COLLECTION) {
only in patch2:
unchanged:
--- a/core/core.services.yml
+++ b/core/core.services.yml
@@ -45,6 +45,13 @@ services:
     factory_method: get
     factory_service: cache_factory
     arguments: [bootstrap]
+  cache.config:
+    class: Drupal\Core\Cache\CacheBackendInterface
+    tags:
+      - { name: cache.bin }
+    factory_method: get
+    factory_service: cache_factory
+    arguments: [config]
   cache.default:
     class: Drupal\Core\Cache\CacheBackendInterface
     tags:
only in patch2:
unchanged:
--- a/core/modules/config/src/Tests/Storage/CachedStorageTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/config/src/Tests/Storage/CachedStorageTest.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class CachedStorageTest extends ConfigStorageTestBase {
   protected function setUp() {
     parent::setUp();
     $this->filestorage = new FileStorage($this->configDirectories[CONFIG_ACTIVE_DIRECTORY]);
-    $this->storage = new CachedStorage($this->filestorage, \Drupal::service('cache_factory'));
+    $this->storage = new CachedStorage($this->filestorage, \Drupal::service('cache.config'));
     $this->cache = \Drupal::service('cache_factory')->get('config');
     // ::listAll() verifications require other configuration data to exist.
     $this->storage->write('system.performance', array());