diff -u b/core/modules/migrate_drupal_ui/src/Form/MigrateUpgradeForm.php b/core/modules/migrate_drupal_ui/src/Form/MigrateUpgradeForm.php
--- b/core/modules/migrate_drupal_ui/src/Form/MigrateUpgradeForm.php
+++ b/core/modules/migrate_drupal_ui/src/Form/MigrateUpgradeForm.php
@@ -242,6 +242,10 @@
       'source_module' => 'file',
       'destination_module' => 'file',
     ],
+    'd7_file_private' => [
+      'source_module' => 'file',
+      'destination_module' => 'file',
+    ],
     'd6_filter_format' => [
       'source_module' => 'filter',
       'destination_module' => 'filter',
diff -u b/core/modules/migrate_drupal_ui/src/Tests/d7/MigrateUpgrade7Test.php b/core/modules/migrate_drupal_ui/src/Tests/d7/MigrateUpgrade7Test.php
--- b/core/modules/migrate_drupal_ui/src/Tests/d7/MigrateUpgrade7Test.php
+++ b/core/modules/migrate_drupal_ui/src/Tests/d7/MigrateUpgrade7Test.php
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@
       'configurable_language' => 4,
       'contact_form' => 3,
       'editor' => 2,
-      'field_config' => 49,
-      'field_storage_config' => 37,
+      'field_config' => 50,
+      'field_storage_config' => 38,
       'file' => 2,
       'filter_format' => 7,
       'image_style' => 6,
only in patch2:
unchanged:
--- a/core/modules/file/migration_templates/d7_file.yml
+++ b/core/modules/file/migration_templates/d7_file.yml
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ migration_tags:
   - Drupal 7
 source:
   plugin: d7_file
+  scheme: public
   constants:
     # source_base_path must be set by the tool configuring this migration. It
     # represents the fully qualified path relative to which uris in the files
only in patch2:
unchanged:
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/modules/file/migration_templates/d7_file_private.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+id: d7_file_private
+label: Files
+migration_tags:
+  - Drupal 7
+source:
+  plugin: d7_file
+  scheme: private
+  constants:
+    # source_file_private_path must be set by the tool configuring this migration.
+    # It represents the fully qualified path relative to which uris in the files
+    # table are specified, and must end with a /. See source_full_path
+    # configuration in this migration's process pipeline as an example.
+    source_file_private_path: ''
+process:
+  # If you are using this file to build a custom migration consider removing
+  # the fid field to allow incremental migrations.
+  fid: fid
+  filename: filename
+  source_file_private_full_path:
+    -
+      plugin: concat
+      delimiter: /
+      source:
+        - constants/source_file_private_path
+        - filepath
+  uri:
+    plugin: file_copy
+    source:
+      - '@source_file_private_full_path'
+      - uri
+  filemime: filemime
+  # filesize is dynamically computed when file entities are saved, so there is
+  # no point in migrating it.
+  # filesize: filesize
+  status: status
+  # Drupal 7 didn't keep track of the file's creation or update time -- all it
+  # had was the vague "timestamp" column. So we'll use it for both.
+  created: timestamp
+  changed: timestamp
+  uid: uid
+destination:
+  plugin: entity:file
only in patch2:
unchanged:
--- a/core/modules/file/src/Plugin/migrate/source/d7/File.php
+++ b/core/modules/file/src/Plugin/migrate/source/d7/File.php
@@ -83,8 +83,12 @@ public function prepareRow(Row $row) {
     $path = str_replace(['public:/', 'private:/', 'temporary:/'], [$this->publicPath, $this->privatePath, $this->temporaryPath], $row->getSourceProperty('uri'));
     // At this point, $path could be an absolute path or a relative path,
     // depending on how the scheme's variable was set. So we need to shear out
-    // the source_base_path in order to make them all relative.
-    $path = str_replace($this->configuration['constants']['source_base_path'], NULL, $path);
+    if (isset($this->configuration['constants']['source_file_private_path'])) {
+      $path = str_replace($this->configuration['constants']['source_file_private_path'], NULL, $path);
+    }
+    else {
+      $path = str_replace($this->configuration['constants']['source_base_path'], NULL, $path);
+    }
     $row->setSourceProperty('filepath', $path);
     return parent::prepareRow($row);
   }
only in patch2:
unchanged:
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/modules/file/tests/src/Kernel/Migrate/d7/MigratePrivateFileTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Drupal\Tests\file\Kernel\Migrate\d7;
+
+use Drupal\Core\StreamWrapper\StreamWrapperInterface;
+use Drupal\file\Entity\File;
+use Drupal\file\FileInterface;
+use Drupal\Tests\migrate_drupal\Kernel\d7\MigrateDrupal7TestBase;
+
+/**
+ * Migrates all files in the file_managed table.
+ *
+ * @group file
+ */
+class MigratePrivateFileTest extends MigrateDrupal7TestBase {
+
+  public static $modules = ['file'];
+
+  /**
+   * {@inheritdoc}
+   */
+  protected function setUp() {
+    parent::setUp();
+    $this->setSetting('file_private_path', 'sites/default/private');
+    $this->installEntitySchema('file');
+    $this->container->get('stream_wrapper_manager')->registerWrapper('private', 'Drupal\Core\StreamWrapper\PrivateStream', StreamWrapperInterface::NORMAL);
+    $fs = \Drupal::service('file_system');
+
+    // Put test file in the source directory.
+    file_put_contents('private://sites/default/private/Babylon5.txt', str_repeat('*', 3));
+
+    /** @var \Drupal\migrate\Plugin\Migration $migration */
+    $migration = $this->getMigration('d7_file_private');
+    // Set the source plugin's source_file_private_path configuration value,
+    // which would normally be set by the user running the migration.
+    $source = $migration->getSourceConfiguration();
+    $source['constants']['source_file_private_path'] = $fs->realpath('private://');
+    $migration->set('source', $source);
+    $this->executeMigration($migration);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Tests a single file entity.
+   *
+   * @param int $id
+   *   The file ID.
+   * @param string $name
+   *   The expected file name.
+   * @param string $uri
+   *   The expected URI.
+   * @param string $mime
+   *   The expected MIME type.
+   * @param int $size
+   *   The expected file size.
+   * @param int $created
+   *   The expected creation time.
+   * @param int $changed
+   *   The expected modification time.
+   * @param int $uid
+   *   The expected owner ID.
+   */
+  protected function assertEntity($id, $name, $uri, $mime, $size, $created, $changed, $uid) {
+    /** @var \Drupal\file\FileInterface $file */
+    $file = File::load($id);
+    $this->assertTrue($file instanceof FileInterface);
+    $this->assertSame($name, $file->getFilename());
+    $this->assertSame($uri, $file->getFileUri());
+    $this->assertTrue(file_exists($uri));
+    $this->assertSame($mime, $file->getMimeType());
+    $this->assertSame($size, $file->getSize());
+    // isPermanent(), isTemporary(), etc. are determined by the status column.
+    $this->assertTrue($file->isPermanent());
+    $this->assertSame($created, $file->getCreatedTime());
+    $this->assertSame($changed, $file->getChangedTime());
+    $this->assertSame($uid, $file->getOwnerId());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Tests that all expected files are migrated.
+   */
+  public function testFileMigration() {
+    $this->assertEntity(3, 'Babylon5.txt', 'private://Babylon5.txt', 'text/plain', '3', '1486104045', '1486104045', '1');
+  }
+
+}
only in patch2:
unchanged:
--- a/core/modules/migrate_drupal/tests/fixtures/drupal7.php
+++ b/core/modules/migrate_drupal/tests/fixtures/drupal7.php
@@ -3426,6 +3426,21 @@
   'translatable' => '0',
   'deleted' => '0',
 ))
+->values(array(
+  'id' => '25',
+  'field_name' => 'field_private_file',
+  'type' => 'file',
+  'module' => 'file',
+  'active' => '1',
+  'storage_type' => 'field_sql_storage',
+  'storage_module' => 'field_sql_storage',
+  'storage_active' => '1',
+  'locked' => '0',
+  'data' => 'a:7:{s:12:"translatable";s:1:"0";s:12:"entity_types";a:0:{}s:8:"settings";a:3:{s:13:"display_field";i:0;s:15:"display_default";i:0;s:10:"uri_scheme";s:7:"private";}s:7:"storage";a:5:{s:4:"type";s:17:"field_sql_storage";s:8:"settings";a:0:{}s:6:"module";s:17:"field_sql_storage";s:6:"active";s:1:"1";s:7:"details";a:1:{s:3:"sql";a:2:{s:18:"FIELD_LOAD_CURRENT";a:1:{s:29:"field_data_field_private_file";a:3:{s:3:"fid";s:22:"field_private_file_fid";s:7:"display";s:26:"field_private_file_display";s:11:"description";s:30:"field_private_file_description";}}s:19:"FIELD_LOAD_REVISION";a:1:{s:33:"field_revision_field_private_file";a:3:{s:3:"fid";s:22:"field_private_file_fid";s:7:"display";s:26:"field_private_file_display";s:11:"description";s:30:"field_private_file_description";}}}}}s:12:"foreign keys";a:1:{s:3:"fid";a:2:{s:5:"table";s:12:"file_managed";s:7:"columns";a:1:{s:3:"fid";s:3:"fid";}}}s:7:"indexes";a:1:{s:3:"fid";a:1:{i:0;s:3:"fid";}}s:2:"id";s:2:"25";}',
+  'cardinality' => '1',
+  'translatable' => '0',
+  'deleted' => '0',
+))
 ->execute();
 
 $connection->schema()->createTable('field_config_instance', array(
@@ -3837,6 +3852,15 @@
   'data' => 'a:7:{s:5:"label";s:14:"Term Reference";s:6:"widget";a:5:{s:6:"weight";s:2:"14";s:4:"type";s:21:"taxonomy_autocomplete";s:6:"module";s:8:"taxonomy";s:6:"active";i:0;s:8:"settings";a:2:{s:4:"size";i:60;s:17:"autocomplete_path";s:21:"taxonomy/autocomplete";}}s:8:"settings";a:1:{s:18:"user_register_form";b:0;}s:7:"display";a:1:{s:7:"default";a:4:{s:5:"label";s:5:"above";s:4:"type";s:6:"hidden";s:6:"weight";s:2:"13";s:8:"settings";a:0:{}}}s:8:"required";i:0;s:11:"description";s:0:"";s:13:"default_value";N;}',
   'deleted' => '0',
 ))
+->values(array(
+  'id' => '42',
+  'field_id' => '25',
+  'field_name' => 'field_private_file',
+  'entity_type' => 'node',
+  'bundle' => 'test_content_type',
+  'data' => 'a:6:{s:5:"label";s:12:"Private file";s:6:"widget";a:5:{s:6:"weight";s:2:"19";s:4:"type";s:12:"file_generic";s:6:"module";s:4:"file";s:6:"active";i:1;s:8:"settings";a:1:{s:18:"progress_indicator";s:8:"throbber";}}s:8:"settings";a:5:{s:14:"file_directory";s:0:"";s:15:"file_extensions";s:3:"txt";s:12:"max_filesize";s:0:"";s:17:"description_field";i:0;s:18:"user_register_form";b:0;}s:7:"display";a:1:{s:7:"default";a:5:{s:5:"label";s:5:"above";s:4:"type";s:12:"file_default";s:8:"settings";a:0:{}s:6:"module";s:4:"file";s:6:"weight";i:18;}}s:8:"required";i:0;s:11:"description";s:0:"";}',
+  'deleted' => '0',
+))
 ->execute();
 
 $connection->schema()->createTable('field_data_body', array(
@@ -5340,13 +5364,136 @@
   'bundle' => 'test_content_type',
   'deleted' => '0',
   'entity_id' => '1',
-  'revision_id' => '1',
+  'revision_id' => '6',
   'language' => 'und',
   'delta' => '0',
   'field_phone_value' => '99-99-99-99',
 ))
 ->execute();
 
+$connection->schema()->createTable('field_data_field_private_file', array(
+  'fields' => array(
+    'entity_type' => array(
+      'type' => 'varchar',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'length' => '128',
+      'default' => '',
+    ),
+    'bundle' => array(
+      'type' => 'varchar',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'length' => '128',
+      'default' => '',
+    ),
+    'deleted' => array(
+      'type' => 'int',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'size' => 'tiny',
+      'default' => '0',
+    ),
+    'entity_id' => array(
+      'type' => 'int',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'size' => 'normal',
+      'unsigned' => TRUE,
+    ),
+    'revision_id' => array(
+      'type' => 'int',
+      'not null' => FALSE,
+      'size' => 'normal',
+      'unsigned' => TRUE,
+    ),
+    'language' => array(
+      'type' => 'varchar',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'length' => '32',
+      'default' => '',
+    ),
+    'delta' => array(
+      'type' => 'int',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'size' => 'normal',
+      'unsigned' => TRUE,
+    ),
+    'field_private_file_fid' => array(
+      'type' => 'int',
+      'not null' => FALSE,
+      'size' => 'normal',
+      'unsigned' => TRUE,
+    ),
+    'field_private_file_display' => array(
+      'type' => 'int',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'size' => 'tiny',
+      'default' => '1',
+      'unsigned' => TRUE,
+    ),
+    'field_private_file_description' => array(
+      'type' => 'text',
+      'not null' => FALSE,
+      'size' => 'normal',
+    ),
+  ),
+  'primary key' => array(
+    'entity_type',
+    'entity_id',
+    'deleted',
+    'delta',
+    'language',
+  ),
+  'indexes' => array(
+    'entity_type' => array(
+      'entity_type',
+    ),
+    'bundle' => array(
+      'bundle',
+    ),
+    'deleted' => array(
+      'deleted',
+    ),
+    'entity_id' => array(
+      'entity_id',
+    ),
+    'revision_id' => array(
+      'revision_id',
+    ),
+    'language' => array(
+      'language',
+    ),
+    'field_private_file_fid' => array(
+      'field_private_file_fid',
+    ),
+  ),
+  'mysql_character_set' => 'utf8',
+));
+
+$connection->insert('field_data_field_private_file')
+->fields(array(
+  'entity_type',
+  'bundle',
+  'deleted',
+  'entity_id',
+  'revision_id',
+  'language',
+  'delta',
+  'field_private_file_fid',
+  'field_private_file_display',
+  'field_private_file_description',
+))
+->values(array(
+  'entity_type' => 'node',
+  'bundle' => 'test_content_type',
+  'deleted' => '0',
+  'entity_id' => '1',
+  'revision_id' => '6',
+  'language' => 'und',
+  'delta' => '0',
+  'field_private_file_fid' => '4',
+  'field_private_file_display' => '1',
+  'field_private_file_description' => '',
+))
+->execute();
+
 $connection->schema()->createTable('field_data_field_tags', array(
   'fields' => array(
     'entity_type' => array(
@@ -7579,6 +7726,140 @@
   'delta' => '0',
   'field_phone_value' => '99-99-99-99',
 ))
+->values(array(
+  'entity_type' => 'node',
+  'bundle' => 'test_content_type',
+  'deleted' => '0',
+  'entity_id' => '1',
+  'revision_id' => '6',
+  'language' => 'und',
+  'delta' => '0',
+  'field_phone_value' => '99-99-99-99',
+))
+->execute();
+
+$connection->schema()->createTable('field_revision_field_private_file', array(
+  'fields' => array(
+    'entity_type' => array(
+      'type' => 'varchar',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'length' => '128',
+      'default' => '',
+    ),
+    'bundle' => array(
+      'type' => 'varchar',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'length' => '128',
+      'default' => '',
+    ),
+    'deleted' => array(
+      'type' => 'int',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'size' => 'tiny',
+      'default' => '0',
+    ),
+    'entity_id' => array(
+      'type' => 'int',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'size' => 'normal',
+      'unsigned' => TRUE,
+    ),
+    'revision_id' => array(
+      'type' => 'int',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'size' => 'normal',
+      'unsigned' => TRUE,
+    ),
+    'language' => array(
+      'type' => 'varchar',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'length' => '32',
+      'default' => '',
+    ),
+    'delta' => array(
+      'type' => 'int',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'size' => 'normal',
+      'unsigned' => TRUE,
+    ),
+    'field_private_file_fid' => array(
+      'type' => 'int',
+      'not null' => FALSE,
+      'size' => 'normal',
+      'unsigned' => TRUE,
+    ),
+    'field_private_file_display' => array(
+      'type' => 'int',
+      'not null' => TRUE,
+      'size' => 'tiny',
+      'default' => '1',
+      'unsigned' => TRUE,
+    ),
+    'field_private_file_description' => array(
+      'type' => 'text',
+      'not null' => FALSE,
+      'size' => 'normal',
+    ),
+  ),
+  'primary key' => array(
+    'entity_type',
+    'entity_id',
+    'revision_id',
+    'deleted',
+    'delta',
+    'language',
+  ),
+  'indexes' => array(
+    'entity_type' => array(
+      'entity_type',
+    ),
+    'bundle' => array(
+      'bundle',
+    ),
+    'deleted' => array(
+      'deleted',
+    ),
+    'entity_id' => array(
+      'entity_id',
+    ),
+    'revision_id' => array(
+      'revision_id',
+    ),
+    'language' => array(
+      'language',
+    ),
+    'field_private_file_fid' => array(
+      'field_private_file_fid',
+    ),
+  ),
+  'mysql_character_set' => 'utf8',
+));
+
+$connection->insert('field_revision_field_private_file')
+->fields(array(
+  'entity_type',
+  'bundle',
+  'deleted',
+  'entity_id',
+  'revision_id',
+  'language',
+  'delta',
+  'field_private_file_fid',
+  'field_private_file_display',
+  'field_private_file_description',
+))
+->values(array(
+  'entity_type' => 'node',
+  'bundle' => 'test_content_type',
+  'deleted' => '0',
+  'entity_id' => '1',
+  'revision_id' => '6',
+  'language' => 'und',
+  'delta' => '0',
+  'field_private_file_fid' => '4',
+  'field_private_file_display' => '1',
+  'field_private_file_description' => '',
+))
 ->execute();
 
 $connection->schema()->createTable('field_revision_field_tags', array(
@@ -8365,6 +8646,16 @@
   'status' => '1',
   'timestamp' => '1421727516',
 ))
+->values(array(
+  'fid' => '3',
+  'uid' => '1',
+  'filename' => 'Babylon5.txt',
+  'uri' => 'private://Babylon5.txt',
+  'filemime' => 'text/plain',
+  'filesize' => '4',
+  'status' => '1',
+  'timestamp' => '1486104045',
+))
 ->execute();
 
 $connection->schema()->createTable('file_usage', array(
@@ -8424,14 +8715,14 @@
   'module' => 'file',
   'type' => 'node',
   'id' => '1',
-  'count' => '2',
+  'count' => '3',
 ))
 ->values(array(
   'fid' => '2',
   'module' => 'file',
   'type' => 'node',
   'id' => '1',
-  'count' => '1',
+  'count' => '2',
 ))
 ->values(array(
   'fid' => '2',
@@ -8440,6 +8731,13 @@
   'id' => '2',
   'count' => '1',
 ))
+->values(array(
+  'fid' => '3',
+  'module' => 'file',
+  'type' => 'node',
+  'id' => '1',
+  'count' => '1',
+))
 ->execute();
 
 $connection->schema()->createTable('filter', array(
@@ -43853,7 +44151,7 @@
 ))
 ->values(array(
   'name' => 'file_private_path',
-  'value' => 's:0:"";',
+  'value' => 's:21:"sites/default/private";',
 ))
 ->values(array(
   'name' => 'file_public_path',