diff -u b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/ConfigInstaller.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/ConfigInstaller.php
--- b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/ConfigInstaller.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/ConfigInstaller.php
@@ -147,8 +147,6 @@
       // directories.
       $storage = new ExtensionInstallStorage($this->getActiveStorages(StorageInterface::DEFAULT_COLLECTION), InstallStorage::CONFIG_OPTIONAL_DIRECTORY, StorageInterface::DEFAULT_COLLECTION, FALSE);
       $this->installOptionalConfig($storage, [$type => $name]);
-      // Search the install profile's optional configuration too.
-      $this->installOptionalConfig(NULL, [$type => $name]);
     }
 
     // Reset all the static caches and list caches.
@@ -190,9 +188,10 @@
 
     $all_config = array_merge($existing_config, $list);
     $config_to_create = $storage->readMultiple($list);
-    // Check to see if the corresponding override storage has any overrides.
+    // Check to see if the corresponding override storage has any overrides or
+    // new configuration that can be installed.
     if ($profile_storage) {
-      $config_to_create = $profile_storage->readMultiple($list) + $config_to_create;
+      $config_to_create = $profile_storage->readMultiple($profile_storage->listAll()) + $config_to_create;
     }
     foreach ($config_to_create as $config_name => $data) {
       // Exclude configuration where its dependencies cannot be met.