diff --git a/core/config/schema/core.data_types.schema.yml b/core/config/schema/core.data_types.schema.yml
index 73db361..5db50dd 100644
--- a/core/config/schema/core.data_types.schema.yml
+++ b/core/config/schema/core.data_types.schema.yml
@@ -798,6 +798,9 @@ entity_reference_selection:
     auto_create_bundle:
       type: string
       label: 'Bundle assigned to the auto-created entities.'
+    allow_self_reference:
+      type: boolean
+      label: 'Allow an entity to reference itself'
 
 entity_reference_selection.*:
   type: entity_reference_selection
diff --git a/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/Element/EntityAutocomplete.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/Element/EntityAutocomplete.php
index 51adf91..fc3938a 100644
--- a/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/Element/EntityAutocomplete.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/Element/EntityAutocomplete.php
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ public function getInfo() {
     $info['#target_type'] = NULL;
     $info['#selection_handler'] = 'default';
     $info['#selection_settings'] = array();
+    $info['#host_entity_id'] = NULL;
     $info['#tags'] = FALSE;
     $info['#autocreate'] = NULL;
     // This should only be set to FALSE if proper validation by the selection
@@ -140,6 +141,7 @@ public static function processEntityAutocomplete(array &$element, FormStateInter
       'target_type' => $element['#target_type'],
       'selection_handler' => $element['#selection_handler'],
       'selection_settings_key' => $selection_settings_key,
+      'host_entity_id' => $element['#host_entity_id'],
     );
 
     return $element;
diff --git a/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/EntityAutocompleteMatcher.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/EntityAutocompleteMatcher.php
index 01a29b2..e0b108c 100644
--- a/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/EntityAutocompleteMatcher.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/EntityAutocompleteMatcher.php
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ public function __construct(SelectionPluginManagerInterface $selection_manager)
    *   An array of settings that will be passed to the selection handler.
    * @param string $string
    *   (optional) The label of the entity to query by.
+   * @param \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityInterface $host_entity
+   *   (optional) The referencing entity, if any. Defaults to NULL.
    *
    * @return array
    *   An array of matched entity labels, in the format required by the AJAX
@@ -49,13 +51,14 @@ public function __construct(SelectionPluginManagerInterface $selection_manager)
    *
    * @see \Drupal\system\Controller\EntityAutocompleteController
    */
-  public function getMatches($target_type, $selection_handler, $selection_settings, $string = '') {
+  public function getMatches($target_type, $selection_handler, $selection_settings, $string = '', EntityInterface $host_entity = NULL) {
     $matches = array();
 
     $options = array(
       'target_type' => $target_type,
       'handler' => $selection_handler,
       'handler_settings' => $selection_settings,
+      'entity' => $host_entity,
     );
     $handler = $this->selectionManager->getInstance($options);
 
diff --git a/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/Plugin/EntityReferenceSelection/DefaultSelection.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/Plugin/EntityReferenceSelection/DefaultSelection.php
index 9565e77..caa1cc8 100644
--- a/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/Plugin/EntityReferenceSelection/DefaultSelection.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Entity/Plugin/EntityReferenceSelection/DefaultSelection.php
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ public function buildConfigurationForm(array $form, FormStateInterface $form_sta
       ),
       'auto_create' => FALSE,
       'auto_create_bundle' => NULL,
+      'allow_self_reference' => TRUE,
     );
 
     if ($entity_type->hasKey('bundle')) {
@@ -240,6 +241,12 @@ public function buildConfigurationForm(array $form, FormStateInterface $form_sta
       ];
     }
 
+    $form['allow_self_reference'] = array(
+      '#type' => 'checkbox',
+      '#title' => $this->t('Allow an entity to reference itself'),
+      '#default_value' => $selection_handler_settings['allow_self_reference'],
+    );
+
     return $form;
   }
 
@@ -397,6 +404,11 @@ protected function buildEntityQuery($match = NULL, $match_operator = 'CONTAINS')
       $query->condition($label_key, $match, $match_operator);
     }
 
+    // Disallow self-references if possible.
+    if (isset($this->configuration['entity']) && isset($handler_settings['allow_self_reference']) && !$handler_settings['allow_self_reference']) {
+      $query->condition($entity_type->getKey('id'), $this->configuration['entity']->id(), '<>');
+    }
+
     // Add entity-access tag.
     $query->addTag($target_type . '_access');
 
diff --git a/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Field/Plugin/Field/FieldWidget/EntityReferenceAutocompleteWidget.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Field/Plugin/Field/FieldWidget/EntityReferenceAutocompleteWidget.php
index b5e16c1..151cbbb 100644
--- a/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Field/Plugin/Field/FieldWidget/EntityReferenceAutocompleteWidget.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Field/Plugin/Field/FieldWidget/EntityReferenceAutocompleteWidget.php
@@ -108,6 +108,11 @@ public function formElement(FieldItemListInterface $items, $delta, array $elemen
       );
     }
 
+    // Pass the ID of the referencing entity if it is available.
+    if (!$entity->isNew()) {
+      $element['#host_entity_id'] = $entity->id();
+    }
+
     return array('target_id' => $element);
   }
 
diff --git a/core/modules/system/src/Controller/EntityAutocompleteController.php b/core/modules/system/src/Controller/EntityAutocompleteController.php
index 53ec818..aa59b77 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/src/Controller/EntityAutocompleteController.php
+++ b/core/modules/system/src/Controller/EntityAutocompleteController.php
@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@ public static function create(ContainerInterface $container) {
    * @param string $selection_settings_key
    *   The hashed key of the key/value entry that holds the selection handler
    *   settings.
+   * @param string $host_entity_id
+   *   (optional) The ID of the referencing entity, if any. Defaults to none.
    *
    * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\JsonResponse
    *   The matched entity labels as a JSON response.
@@ -76,8 +78,10 @@ public static function create(ContainerInterface $container) {
    *   Thrown if the selection settings key is not found in the key/value store
    *   or if it does not match the stored data.
    */
-  public function handleAutocomplete(Request $request, $target_type, $selection_handler, $selection_settings_key) {
+  public function handleAutocomplete(Request $request, $target_type, $selection_handler, $selection_settings_key, $host_entity_id = '') {
     $matches = array();
+    $host_entity = NULL;
+
     // Get the typed string from the URL, if it exists.
     if ($input = $request->query->get('q')) {
       $typed_string = Tags::explode($input);
@@ -100,7 +104,14 @@ public function handleAutocomplete(Request $request, $target_type, $selection_ha
         throw new AccessDeniedHttpException();
       }
 
-      $matches = $this->matcher->getMatches($target_type, $selection_handler, $selection_settings, $typed_string);
+      if ($host_entity_id) {
+        $host_entity = $this->entityTypeManager()->getStorage($target_type)->load($host_entity_id);
+        if (!$host_entity || !$host_entity->access('view')) {
+          throw new AccessDeniedHttpException();
+        }
+      }
+
+      $matches = $this->matcher->getMatches($target_type, $selection_handler, $selection_settings, $typed_string, $host_entity);
     }
 
     return new JsonResponse($matches);
diff --git a/core/modules/system/system.routing.yml b/core/modules/system/system.routing.yml
index ae89fb0..6f447a2 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/system.routing.yml
+++ b/core/modules/system/system.routing.yml
@@ -495,9 +495,10 @@ system.admin_content:
     _permission: 'access administration pages'
 
 system.entity_autocomplete:
-  path: '/entity_reference_autocomplete/{target_type}/{selection_handler}/{selection_settings_key}'
+  path: '/entity_reference_autocomplete/{target_type}/{selection_handler}/{selection_settings_key}/{host_entity_id}'
   defaults:
     _controller: '\Drupal\system\Controller\EntityAutocompleteController::handleAutocomplete'
+    host_entity_id: ''
   requirements:
     _access: 'TRUE'
 
diff --git a/core/modules/system/tests/src/Kernel/Entity/EntityReferenceSelectionReferenceableTest.php b/core/modules/system/tests/src/Kernel/Entity/EntityReferenceSelectionReferenceableTest.php
index f7fa5d8..fc0b5f6 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/tests/src/Kernel/Entity/EntityReferenceSelectionReferenceableTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/system/tests/src/Kernel/Entity/EntityReferenceSelectionReferenceableTest.php
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 use Drupal\Component\Utility\Html;
 use Drupal\Component\Utility\Unicode;
+use Drupal\entity_test\Entity\EntityTest;
 use Drupal\field\Tests\EntityReference\EntityReferenceTestTrait;
 use Drupal\field\Entity\FieldConfig;
 use Drupal\node\Entity\NodeType;
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ class EntityReferenceSelectionReferenceableTest extends KernelTestBase {
   protected function setUp() {
     parent::setUp();
 
+    $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test');
     $this->installEntitySchema('entity_test_no_label');
 
     /** @var \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityStorageInterface $storage */
@@ -83,6 +85,32 @@ protected function setUp() {
   }
 
   /**
+   * Tests the 'allow_self_reference' selection handler setting.
+   */
+  public function testAllowSelfReference() {
+    $field_name = 'field_test';
+    $this->createEntityReferenceField('entity_test', 'entity_test', $field_name, 'Test entity reference', 'entity_test');
+
+    // Create a test entity and check that it cannot reference itself.
+    $host_entity = EntityTest::create(['name' => $this->randomMachineName()]);
+    $host_entity->save();
+
+    $field_config = FieldConfig::loadByName('entity_test', 'entity_test', $field_name);
+    $this->selectionHandler = $this->container->get('plugin.manager.entity_reference_selection')->getSelectionHandler($field_config, $host_entity);
+
+    $referenceables = $this->selectionHandler->getReferenceableEntities();
+    $this->assertTrue(isset($referenceables['entity_test'][$host_entity->id()]));
+
+    $selection_setttings = $field_config->getSetting('handler_settings');
+    $selection_setttings['allow_self_reference'] = FALSE;
+    $field_config->setSetting('handler_settings', $selection_setttings)->save();
+
+    $this->selectionHandler = $this->container->get('plugin.manager.entity_reference_selection')->getSelectionHandler($field_config, $host_entity);
+    $referenceables = $this->selectionHandler->getReferenceableEntities();
+    $this->assertTrue(!isset($referenceables['entity_test'][$host_entity->id()]));
+  }
+
+  /**
    * Tests values returned by SelectionInterface::getReferenceableEntities()
    * when the target entity type has no 'label' key.
    *