diff --git a/core/includes/update.inc b/core/includes/update.inc
index 0bca244..9aa35bf 100644
--- a/core/includes/update.inc
+++ b/core/includes/update.inc
@@ -821,7 +821,7 @@ function update_language_list($flags = Language::STATE_CONFIGURABLE) {
    $languages = array();
 
     // Fill in master language list based on current configuration.
-    $default = language_default();
+    $default = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage();
     if (\Drupal::languageManager()->isMultilingual() || \Drupal::moduleHandler()->moduleExists('language')) {
       // Use language module configuration if available. We can not use
       // entity_load_multiple() because this breaks during updates.
@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ function update_language_list($flags = Language::STATE_CONFIGURABLE) {
 
   // Add the site's default language if flagged as allowed value.
   if ($flags & Language::STATE_SITE_DEFAULT) {
-    $default = isset($default) ? $default : language_default();
+    $default = isset($default) ? $default : \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage();
     // Rename the default language.
     $default->name = t("Site's default language (@lang_name)", array('@lang_name' => $default->name));
     $filtered_languages['site_default'] = $default;
diff --git a/core/modules/block/custom_block/lib/Drupal/custom_block/Tests/CustomBlockTypeTest.php b/core/modules/block/custom_block/lib/Drupal/custom_block/Tests/CustomBlockTypeTest.php
index 82cb852..7f6ca8e 100644
--- a/core/modules/block/custom_block/lib/Drupal/custom_block/Tests/CustomBlockTypeTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/block/custom_block/lib/Drupal/custom_block/Tests/CustomBlockTypeTest.php
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public function testCustomBlockTypeCreation() {
     $this->assertTrue($block_type, 'The new block type has been created.');
 
     // Check that the block type was created in site default language.
-    $default_langcode = language_default()->id;
+    $default_langcode = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id;
     $this->assertEqual($block_type->langcode, $default_langcode);
   }
 
diff --git a/core/modules/block/lib/Drupal/block/Tests/BlockStorageUnitTest.php b/core/modules/block/lib/Drupal/block/Tests/BlockStorageUnitTest.php
index e63fb2b..c7dff39 100644
--- a/core/modules/block/lib/Drupal/block/Tests/BlockStorageUnitTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/block/lib/Drupal/block/Tests/BlockStorageUnitTest.php
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ protected function createTests() {
       'id' => 'test_block',
       'weight' => NULL,
       'status' => TRUE,
-      'langcode' => language_default()->id,
+      'langcode' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id,
       'dependencies' => array('module' => array('block_test'), 'theme' => array('stark')),
       'theme' => 'stark',
       'region' => '-1',
diff --git a/core/modules/comment/lib/Drupal/comment/Tests/CommentLanguageTest.php b/core/modules/comment/lib/Drupal/comment/Tests/CommentLanguageTest.php
index 56444a9..139bf73 100644
--- a/core/modules/comment/lib/Drupal/comment/Tests/CommentLanguageTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/comment/lib/Drupal/comment/Tests/CommentLanguageTest.php
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ function testCommentLanguage() {
     // is the user language preference. This way we can ensure that node
     // language and interface language do not influence comment language, as
     // only content language has to.
-    foreach (language_list() as $node_langcode => $node_language) {
+    foreach ($this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages() as $node_langcode => $node_language) {
       // Create "Article" content.
       $title = $this->randomName();
       $edit = array(
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ function testCommentLanguage() {
       $node = $this->drupalGetNodeByTitle($title);
 
       $prefixes = language_negotiation_url_prefixes();
-      foreach (language_list() as $langcode => $language) {
+      foreach ($this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages() as $langcode => $language) {
         // Post a comment with content language $langcode.
         $prefix = empty($prefixes[$langcode]) ? '' : $prefixes[$langcode] . '/';
         $comment_values[$node_langcode][$langcode] = $this->randomName();
diff --git a/core/modules/comment/lib/Drupal/comment/Tests/CommentTranslationUITest.php b/core/modules/comment/lib/Drupal/comment/Tests/CommentTranslationUITest.php
index ce52ee2..5e5b4de 100644
--- a/core/modules/comment/lib/Drupal/comment/Tests/CommentTranslationUITest.php
+++ b/core/modules/comment/lib/Drupal/comment/Tests/CommentTranslationUITest.php
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ protected function assertPublishedStatus() {
     $entity = entity_load($this->entityTypeId, $this->entityId);
     $user = $this->drupalCreateUser(array('access comments'));
     $this->drupalLogin($user);
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages();
 
     // Check that simple users cannot see unpublished field translations.
     $path = $entity->getSystemPath();
diff --git a/core/modules/config/lib/Drupal/config/Tests/ConfigEntityTest.php b/core/modules/config/lib/Drupal/config/Tests/ConfigEntityTest.php
index 19ebaff..8ec6146 100644
--- a/core/modules/config/lib/Drupal/config/Tests/ConfigEntityTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/config/lib/Drupal/config/Tests/ConfigEntityTest.php
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public static function getInfo() {
    * Tests CRUD operations.
    */
   function testCRUD() {
-    $default_langcode = language_default()->id;
+    $default_langcode = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id;
     // Verify default properties on a newly created empty entity.
     $empty = entity_create('config_test');
     $this->assertIdentical($empty->id, NULL);
diff --git a/core/modules/config/lib/Drupal/config/Tests/ConfigImportUITest.php b/core/modules/config/lib/Drupal/config/Tests/ConfigImportUITest.php
index 51f9182..4a38a4d 100644
--- a/core/modules/config/lib/Drupal/config/Tests/ConfigImportUITest.php
+++ b/core/modules/config/lib/Drupal/config/Tests/ConfigImportUITest.php
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ function testImport() {
       'test_dependencies' => array(),
       'status' => TRUE,
       'uuid' => '30df59bd-7b03-4cf7-bb35-d42fc49f0651',
-      'langcode' => language_default()->id,
+      'langcode' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id,
       'dependencies' => array(),
       'protected_property' => '',
     );
diff --git a/core/modules/config/lib/Drupal/config/Tests/ConfigImporterTest.php b/core/modules/config/lib/Drupal/config/Tests/ConfigImporterTest.php
index b01ddab..8e99296 100644
--- a/core/modules/config/lib/Drupal/config/Tests/ConfigImporterTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/config/lib/Drupal/config/Tests/ConfigImporterTest.php
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ function testNew() {
       'test_dependencies' => array(),
       'status' => TRUE,
       'uuid' => '30df59bd-7b03-4cf7-bb35-d42fc49f0651',
-      'langcode' => language_default()->id,
+      'langcode' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id,
       'dependencies' => array(),
       'protected_property' => '',
     );
diff --git a/core/modules/contact/lib/Drupal/contact/Tests/ContactSitewideTest.php b/core/modules/contact/lib/Drupal/contact/Tests/ContactSitewideTest.php
index 126fc75..7442166 100644
--- a/core/modules/contact/lib/Drupal/contact/Tests/ContactSitewideTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/contact/lib/Drupal/contact/Tests/ContactSitewideTest.php
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ function testSiteWideContact() {
 
     // Check that the category was created in site default language.
     $langcode = \Drupal::config('contact.category.' . $id)->get('langcode');
-    $default_langcode = language_default()->id;
+    $default_langcode = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id;
     $this->assertEqual($langcode, $default_langcode);
 
     // Make sure the newly created category is included in the list of categories.
diff --git a/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.admin.inc b/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.admin.inc
index 8ea5d1c..cfa8cc2 100644
--- a/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.admin.inc
+++ b/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.admin.inc
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ function content_translation_form_language_content_settings_validate(array $form
 
         $values = $bundle_settings['settings']['language'];
         if (empty($values['language_show']) && \Drupal::languageManager()->isLanguageLocked($values['langcode'])) {
-          foreach (language_list(Language::STATE_LOCKED) as $language) {
+          foreach (\Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages(Language::STATE_LOCKED) as $language) {
             $locked_languages[] = $language->name;
           }
           form_set_error($name, $form_state, t('Translation is not supported if language is always one of: @locked_languages', array('@locked_languages' => implode(', ', $locked_languages))));
diff --git a/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.install b/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.install
index e474d69..2d4963e 100644
--- a/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.install
+++ b/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.install
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ function content_translation_install() {
  */
 function content_translation_enable() {
   // Translation works when at least two languages are enabled.
-  if (count(language_list()) < 2) {
+  if (count(\Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages()) < 2) {
     $t_args = array('!language_url' => url('admin/config/regional/language'));
     $message = t('Be sure to <a href="!language_url">enable at least two languages</a> to translate content.', $t_args);
     drupal_set_message($message, 'warning');
diff --git a/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.module b/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.module
index 95cd875..1d5f5c2 100644
--- a/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.module
+++ b/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.module
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ function content_translation_add_access(EntityInterface $entity, Language $sourc
   $source = !empty($source) ? $source : $entity->language();
   $target = !empty($target) ? $target : \Drupal::languageManager()->getCurrentLanguage(Language::TYPE_CONTENT);
   $translations = $entity->getTranslationLanguages();
-  $languages = language_list();
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages();
   return $source->id != $target->id && isset($languages[$source->id]) && isset($languages[$target->id]) && !isset($translations[$target->id]) && content_translation_access($entity, 'create');
 }
 
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ function content_translation_add_access(EntityInterface $entity, Language $sourc
 function content_translation_edit_access(EntityInterface $entity, Language $language = NULL) {
   $language = !empty($language) ? $language : \Drupal::languageManager()->getCurrentLanguage(Language::TYPE_CONTENT);
   $translations = $entity->getTranslationLanguages();
-  $languages = language_list();
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages();
   return isset($languages[$language->id]) && $language->id != $entity->getUntranslated()->language()->id && isset($translations[$language->id]) && content_translation_access($entity, 'update');
 }
 
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ function content_translation_edit_access(EntityInterface $entity, Language $lang
 function content_translation_delete_access(EntityInterface $entity, Language $language = NULL) {
   $language = !empty($language) ? $language : \Drupal::languageManager()->getCurrentLanguage(Language::TYPE_CONTENT);
   $translations = $entity->getTranslationLanguages();
-  $languages = language_list();
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages();
   return isset($languages[$language->id]) && $language->id != $entity->getUntranslated()->language()->id && isset($translations[$language->id]) && content_translation_access($entity, 'delete');
 }
 
@@ -890,7 +890,7 @@ function content_translation_language_configuration_element_validate($element, a
   $key = $form_state['content_translation']['key'];
   $values = $form_state['values'][$key];
   if (!$values['language_show'] && $values['content_translation'] && \Drupal::languageManager()->isLanguageLocked($values['langcode'])) {
-    foreach (language_list(Language::STATE_LOCKED) as $language) {
+    foreach (\Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages(Language::STATE_LOCKED) as $language) {
       $locked_languages[] = $language->name;
     }
     // @todo Set the correct form element name as soon as the element parents
diff --git a/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.pages.inc b/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.pages.inc
index ac36ff7..4a783bd 100644
--- a/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.pages.inc
+++ b/core/modules/content_translation/content_translation.pages.inc
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
  */
 function content_translation_overview(EntityInterface $entity) {
   $controller = content_translation_controller($entity->getEntityTypeId());
-  $languages = language_list();
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages();
   $original = $entity->getUntranslated()->language()->id;
   $translations = $entity->getTranslationLanguages();
   $administrator = \Drupal::currentUser()->hasPermission('administer languages');
diff --git a/core/modules/content_translation/lib/Drupal/content_translation/Tests/ContentTranslationTestBase.php b/core/modules/content_translation/lib/Drupal/content_translation/Tests/ContentTranslationTestBase.php
index 09afe8c..9a34bd4 100644
--- a/core/modules/content_translation/lib/Drupal/content_translation/Tests/ContentTranslationTestBase.php
+++ b/core/modules/content_translation/lib/Drupal/content_translation/Tests/ContentTranslationTestBase.php
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ protected function setupLanguages() {
     foreach ($this->langcodes as $langcode) {
       language_save(new Language(array('id' => $langcode)));
     }
-    array_unshift($this->langcodes, language_default()->id);
+    array_unshift($this->langcodes, \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id);
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/core/modules/content_translation/lib/Drupal/content_translation/Tests/ContentTranslationWorkflowsTest.php b/core/modules/content_translation/lib/Drupal/content_translation/Tests/ContentTranslationWorkflowsTest.php
index 861aec9..43e5d77 100644
--- a/core/modules/content_translation/lib/Drupal/content_translation/Tests/ContentTranslationWorkflowsTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/content_translation/lib/Drupal/content_translation/Tests/ContentTranslationWorkflowsTest.php
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ function testWorkflows() {
    */
   protected function assertWorkflows(UserInterface $user, $expected_status) {
     $default_langcode = $this->langcodes[0];
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages();
     $args = array('@user_label' => $user->getUsername());
     $this->drupalLogin($user);
 
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationTest.php
index 02630bb..89af9c9 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationTest.php
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ function testTranslatableFieldSaveLoad() {
     field_test_entity_info_translatable($entity_type_id, TRUE);
     $entity = entity_create($entity_type_id, array('type' => $this->instance->bundle));
     $field_translations = array();
-    $available_langcodes = array_keys(language_list());
+    $available_langcodes = array_keys($this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages());
     $entity->langcode->value = reset($available_langcodes);
     foreach ($available_langcodes as $langcode) {
       $field_translations[$langcode] = $this->_generateTestFieldValues($this->field->getCardinality());
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationWebTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationWebTest.php
index d8d9f9c..ba00c74 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationWebTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationWebTest.php
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ function testFieldFormTranslationRevisions() {
     // Prepare the field translations.
     field_test_entity_info_translatable($this->entity_type, TRUE);
     $entity = entity_create($this->entity_type);
-    $available_langcodes = array_flip(array_keys(language_list()));
+    $available_langcodes = array_flip(array_keys($this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages()));
     $field_name = $this->field->getName();
 
     // Store the field translations.
diff --git a/core/modules/filter/lib/Drupal/filter/Tests/FilterCrudTest.php b/core/modules/filter/lib/Drupal/filter/Tests/FilterCrudTest.php
index 8320336..203124d 100644
--- a/core/modules/filter/lib/Drupal/filter/Tests/FilterCrudTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/filter/lib/Drupal/filter/Tests/FilterCrudTest.php
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ function testTextFormatCrud() {
    */
   function verifyTextFormat($format) {
     $t_args = array('%format' => $format->name);
-    $default_langcode = language_default()->id;
+    $default_langcode = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id;
 
     // Verify the loaded filter has all properties.
     $filter_format = entity_load('filter_format', $format->format);
diff --git a/core/modules/forum/lib/Drupal/forum/Tests/ForumTest.php b/core/modules/forum/lib/Drupal/forum/Tests/ForumTest.php
index d7f8dd0..688bee6 100644
--- a/core/modules/forum/lib/Drupal/forum/Tests/ForumTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/forum/lib/Drupal/forum/Tests/ForumTest.php
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ private function doAdminTests($user) {
       'name' => 'Tags',
       'description' => $description,
       'vid' => 'tags',
-      'langcode' => language_default()->id,
+      'langcode' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id,
       'help' => $help,
     ));
     $vocabulary->save();
diff --git a/core/modules/forum/lib/Drupal/forum/Tests/ForumUninstallTest.php b/core/modules/forum/lib/Drupal/forum/Tests/ForumUninstallTest.php
index c9bbcff..1e4e9bd 100644
--- a/core/modules/forum/lib/Drupal/forum/Tests/ForumUninstallTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/forum/lib/Drupal/forum/Tests/ForumUninstallTest.php
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ function testForumUninstallWithField() {
     // Create a taxonomy term.
     $term = entity_create('taxonomy_term', array(
       'name' => t('A term'),
-      'langcode' => language_default()->id,
+      'langcode' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id,
       'description' => '',
       'parent' => array(0),
       'vid' => 'forums',
diff --git a/core/modules/language/language.admin.inc b/core/modules/language/language.admin.inc
index b506136..c44684d 100644
--- a/core/modules/language/language.admin.inc
+++ b/core/modules/language/language.admin.inc
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
  * Prepare a language code list for unused predefined languages.
  */
 function language_admin_predefined_list() {
-  $languages = language_list();
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages();
   $predefined = LanguageManager::getStandardLanguageList();
   foreach ($predefined as $key => $value) {
     if (isset($languages[$key])) {
diff --git a/core/modules/language/language.module b/core/modules/language/language.module
index c616837..c97957e 100644
--- a/core/modules/language/language.module
+++ b/core/modules/language/language.module
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ function language_process_language_select($element) {
   // set the options.
   if (!isset($element['#options'])) {
     $element['#options'] = array();
-    foreach (language_list($element['#languages']) as $langcode => $language) {
+    foreach (\Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages($element['#languages']) as $langcode => $language) {
       $element['#options'][$langcode] = $language->locked ? t('- @name -', array('@name' => $language->name)) : $language->name;
     }
   }
@@ -225,12 +225,12 @@ function language_element_info() {
  */
 function language_configuration_element_default_options() {
   $language_options = array(
-    'site_default' => t("Site's default language (!language)", array('!language' => language_default()->name)),
+    'site_default' => t("Site's default language (!language)", array('!language' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->name)),
     'current_interface' => t('Current interface language'),
     'authors_default' => t("Author's preferred language"),
   );
 
-  $languages = language_list(Language::STATE_ALL);
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages(Language::STATE_ALL);
   foreach ($languages as $langcode => $language) {
     $language_options[$langcode] = $language->locked ? t('- @name -', array('@name' => $language->name)) : $language->name;
   }
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ function language_get_default_langcode($entity_type, $bundle) {
   $language_interface = \Drupal::languageManager()->getCurrentLanguage();
   switch ($configuration['langcode']) {
     case 'site_default':
-      $default_value = language_default()->id;
+      $default_value = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id;
       break;
 
     case 'current_interface':
@@ -484,7 +484,8 @@ function language_save($language) {
   }
 
   // Update URL Prefixes for all languages after the new default language is
-  // propagated and the language_list() cache is flushed.
+  // propagated and the LanguageManagerInterface::getLanguages() cache is
+  // flushed.
   language_negotiation_url_prefixes_update();
 
   // If after adding this language the site will become multilingual, we need to
@@ -506,7 +507,7 @@ function language_save($language) {
  *   TRUE if language is successfully deleted. Otherwise FALSE.
  */
 function language_delete($langcode) {
-  $languages = language_list(Language::STATE_ALL);
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages(Language::STATE_ALL);
   if (isset($languages[$langcode]) && !$languages[$langcode]->locked) {
     $language = $languages[$langcode];
 
@@ -580,7 +581,7 @@ function language_negotiation_url_prefixes() {
  */
 function language_negotiation_url_prefixes_update() {
   $prefixes = language_negotiation_url_prefixes();
-  foreach (language_list() as $language) {
+  foreach (\Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages() as $language) {
     // The prefix for this language should be updated if it's not assigned yet
     // or the prefix is set to the empty string.
     if (empty($prefixes[$language->id])) {
@@ -708,8 +709,8 @@ function language_set_browser_drupal_langcode_mappings($mappings) {
  * @see language_system_regional_settings_form_submit()
  */
 function language_form_system_regional_settings_alter(&$form, &$form_state) {
-  $languages = language_list();
-  $default = language_default();
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages();
+  $default = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage();
   foreach ($languages as $key => $language) {
     $language_options[$key] = $language->name;
   }
@@ -731,7 +732,7 @@ function language_form_system_regional_settings_alter(&$form, &$form_state) {
  * @see language_form_system_regional_settings_alter()
  */
 function language_system_regional_settings_form_submit($form, &$form_state) {
-  $languages = language_list();
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages();
   $language = $languages[$form_state['values']['site_default_language']];
   $language->default = TRUE;
   language_save($language);
diff --git a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/Condition/LanguageConditionTest.php b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/Condition/LanguageConditionTest.php
index a9cec74..fb8bfff 100644
--- a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/Condition/LanguageConditionTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/Condition/LanguageConditionTest.php
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ protected function setUp() {
     $this->installConfig(array('language'));
 
     // Setup English.
-    language_save(language_default());
+    language_save(\Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage());
 
     // Setup Italian.
     $language = new Language(array(
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ protected function setUp() {
   public function testConditions() {
     // Grab the language condition and configure it to check the content
     // language.
-    $language = language_load('en');
+    $language = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage('en');
     $condition = $this->manager->createInstance('language')
       ->setConfig('langcodes', array('en' => 'en', 'it' => 'it'))
       ->setContextValue('language', $language);
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public function testConditions() {
     $this->assertEqual($condition->summary(), 'The language is not Italian.');
 
     // Change the default language to Italian.
-    $language = language_load('it');
+    $language = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage('it');
 
     $condition = $this->manager->createInstance('language')
       ->setConfig('langcodes', array('en' => 'en', 'it' => 'it'))
diff --git a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageConfigurationElementTest.php b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageConfigurationElementTest.php
index adab4ca..0a507f2 100644
--- a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageConfigurationElementTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageConfigurationElementTest.php
@@ -87,10 +87,10 @@ public function testDefaultLangcode() {
     $this->assertEqual($langcode, $language_interface->id);
 
     // Site's default.
-    $old_default = language_default();
+    $old_default = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage();
     $old_default->default = FALSE;
     language_save($old_default);
-    $new_default = language_load('cc');
+    $new_default = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage('cc');
     $new_default->default = TRUE;
     language_save($new_default);
     language_save_default_configuration('custom_type', 'custom_bundle', array('langcode' => 'site_default', 'language_show' => TRUE));
diff --git a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageDependencyInjectionTest.php b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageDependencyInjectionTest.php
index f734210..067c477 100644
--- a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageDependencyInjectionTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageDependencyInjectionTest.php
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ function testDependencyInjectedNewLanguage() {
    * @see \Drupal\Core\Language\Language
    */
   function testDependencyInjectedNewDefaultLanguage() {
-    $default_language = language_default();
+    $default_language = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage();
     // Change the language default object to different values.
     $new_language_default = new Language(array(
       'id' => 'fr',
diff --git a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageListModuleInstallTest.php b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageListModuleInstallTest.php
index d4192b6..17e433e 100644
--- a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageListModuleInstallTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageListModuleInstallTest.php
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ function testModuleInstallLanguageList() {
     $edit['modules[Multilingual][language][enable]'] = 'language';
     $this->drupalPostForm('admin/modules', $edit, t('Save configuration'));
 
-    $this->assertEqual(\Drupal::state()->get('language_test.language_count_preinstall', 0), 1, 'Using language_list() returns 1 language during Language installation.');
+    $this->assertEqual(\Drupal::state()->get('language_test.language_count_preinstall', 0), 1, 'Using LanguageManager::getLanguages() returns 1 language during Language installation.');
 
     // Get updated module list by rebuilding container.
     $this->rebuildContainer();
diff --git a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageListTest.php b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageListTest.php
index a475c04..273850b 100644
--- a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageListTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageListTest.php
@@ -118,12 +118,12 @@ function testLanguageList() {
     $this->assertResponse(404, 'Language no longer found.');
     // Make sure the "language_count" state has been updated correctly.
     $this->container->get('language_manager')->reset();
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages();
     // Delete French.
     $this->drupalPostForm('admin/config/regional/language/delete/fr', array(), t('Delete'));
     // Get the count of languages.
     $this->container->get('language_manager')->reset();
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages();
     // We need raw here because %language and %langcode will add HTML.
     $t_args = array('%language' => 'French', '%langcode' => 'fr');
     $this->assertRaw(t('The %language (%langcode) language has been removed.', $t_args), 'Disabled language has been removed.');
@@ -179,13 +179,13 @@ function testLanguageStates() {
     $expected_all_languages = array('l4' => 'l4', 'l3' => 'l3', 'l2' => 'l2', 'l1' => 'l1', 'en' => 'en', 'und' => 'und', 'zxx' => 'zxx');
     $expected_conf_languages = array('l3' => 'l3', 'l1' => 'l1', 'en' => 'en');
 
-    $locked_languages = language_list(Language::STATE_LOCKED);
+    $locked_languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages(Language::STATE_LOCKED);
     $this->assertEqual(array_diff_key($expected_locked_languages, $locked_languages), array(), 'Locked languages loaded correctly.');
 
-    $all_languages = language_list(Language::STATE_ALL);
+    $all_languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages(Language::STATE_ALL);
     $this->assertEqual(array_diff_key($expected_all_languages, $all_languages), array(), 'All languages loaded correctly.');
 
-    $conf_languages = language_list();
+    $conf_languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages();
     $this->assertEqual(array_diff_key($expected_conf_languages, $conf_languages), array(), 'Configurable languages loaded correctly.');
   }
 }
diff --git a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguagePathMonolingualTest.php b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguagePathMonolingualTest.php
index 863a41d..73e5b85 100644
--- a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguagePathMonolingualTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguagePathMonolingualTest.php
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ function setUp() {
     // Verify that French is the only language.
     $this->container->get('language_manager')->reset();
     $this->assertFalse(\Drupal::languageManager()->isMultilingual(), 'Site is mono-lingual');
-    $this->assertEqual(language_default()->id, 'fr', 'French is the default language');
+    $this->assertEqual(\Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id, 'fr', 'French is the default language');
 
     // Set language detection to URL.
     $edit = array('language_interface[enabled][language-url]' => TRUE);
diff --git a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageUILanguageNegotiationTest.php b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageUILanguageNegotiationTest.php
index 89832f3..169bfcf 100644
--- a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageUILanguageNegotiationTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageUILanguageNegotiationTest.php
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ function testUILanguageNegotiation() {
     // into database when seen by t(). Without doing this, our target string
     // is for some reason not found when doing translate search. This might
     // be some bug.
-    $default_language = language_default();
+    $default_language = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage();
     $language = new Language(array(
       'id' => $langcode_browser_fallback,
       'default' => TRUE,
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ function testUrlLanguageFallback() {
       'id' => $langcode_browser_fallback,
     ));
     language_save($language);
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages();
 
     // Enable the path prefix for the default language: this way any unprefixed
     // URL must have a valid fallback value.
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ function testLanguageDomain() {
       'id' => $langcode,
     ));
     language_save($language);
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages();
 
     // Enable browser and URL language detection.
     $edit = array(
diff --git a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageUrlRewritingTest.php b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageUrlRewritingTest.php
index 09cb363..39ad3f8 100644
--- a/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageUrlRewritingTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/language/lib/Drupal/language/Tests/LanguageUrlRewritingTest.php
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ function setUp() {
    */
   function testUrlRewritingEdgeCases() {
     // Check URL rewriting with a non-installed language.
-    $non_existing = language_default();
+    $non_existing = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage();
     $non_existing->id = $this->randomName();
     $this->checkUrl($non_existing, 'Path language is ignored if language is not installed.', 'URL language negotiation does not work with non-installed languages');
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ function testDomainNameNegotiationPort() {
     $request = $this->prepareRequestForGenerator(TRUE, array('HTTP_HOST' => $server['HTTP_HOST'] . ':88'));
 
     // Create an absolute French link.
-    $language = language_load('fr');
+    $language = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage('fr');
     $url = url('', array(
       'absolute' => TRUE,
       'language' => $language,
diff --git a/core/modules/language/tests/language_test/language_test.module b/core/modules/language/tests/language_test/language_test.module
index 42f2b0f..e1fd47e 100644
--- a/core/modules/language/tests/language_test/language_test.module
+++ b/core/modules/language/tests/language_test/language_test.module
@@ -98,5 +98,5 @@ function language_test_language_fallback_candidates_test_alter(array &$candidate
  * Implements hook_module_preinstall().
  */
 function language_test_module_preinstall() {
-  \Drupal::state()->set('language_test.language_count_preinstall', count(language_list()));
+  \Drupal::state()->set('language_test.language_count_preinstall', count(\Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages()));
 }
diff --git a/core/modules/language/tests/language_test/lib/Drupal/language_test/Controller/LanguageTestController.php b/core/modules/language/tests/language_test/lib/Drupal/language_test/Controller/LanguageTestController.php
index 781af06..dd6aff8 100644
--- a/core/modules/language/tests/language_test/lib/Drupal/language_test/Controller/LanguageTestController.php
+++ b/core/modules/language/tests/language_test/lib/Drupal/language_test/Controller/LanguageTestController.php
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 namespace Drupal\language_test\Controller;
 
 use Drupal\Core\DependencyInjection\ContainerInjectionInterface;
+use Drupal\Core\Language\LanguageManager;
 use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ContainerInterface;
 use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;
 use Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernelInterface;
@@ -25,20 +26,28 @@ class LanguageTestController implements ContainerInjectionInterface {
   protected $httpKernel;
 
   /**
+   * The language manager service.
+   *
+   * @var \Drupal\Core\Language\LanguageManager
+   */
+  protected $languageManager;
+
+  /**
    * Constructs a new LanguageTestController object.
    *
    * @param \Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernelInterface $httpKernel
    *   An HTTP kernel.
    */
-  public function __construct(HttpKernelInterface $httpKernel) {
+  public function __construct(HttpKernelInterface $httpKernel, LanguageManager $language_manager) {
     $this->httpKernel = $httpKernel;
+    $this->languageManager = $language_manager;
   }
 
   /**
    * {@inheritdoc}
    */
   public static function create(ContainerInterface $container) {
-    return new static($container->get('http_kernel'));
+    return new static($container->get('http_kernel'), $container->get('language_manager'));
   }
 
   /**
@@ -48,7 +57,7 @@ public static function create(ContainerInterface $container) {
    */
   public function typeLinkActiveClass() {
     // We assume that 'en' and 'fr' have been configured.
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = $this->languageManager->getLanguages();
     return array(
       'no_language' => array(
         '#type' => 'link',
diff --git a/core/modules/locale/lib/Drupal/locale/Tests/LocaleStringTest.php b/core/modules/locale/lib/Drupal/locale/Tests/LocaleStringTest.php
index 59993f0..865023e 100644
--- a/core/modules/locale/lib/Drupal/locale/Tests/LocaleStringTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/locale/lib/Drupal/locale/Tests/LocaleStringTest.php
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ function buildSourceString($values = array()) {
    */
   function createAllTranslations($source, $values = array()) {
     $list = array();
-    foreach (language_list() as $language) {
+    foreach ($this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages() as $language) {
       $list[$language->id] = $this->createTranslation($source, $language->id, $values);
     }
     return $list;
diff --git a/core/modules/locale/lib/Drupal/locale/Tests/LocaleUpdateBase.php b/core/modules/locale/lib/Drupal/locale/Tests/LocaleUpdateBase.php
index 2e29d98..6554886 100644
--- a/core/modules/locale/lib/Drupal/locale/Tests/LocaleUpdateBase.php
+++ b/core/modules/locale/lib/Drupal/locale/Tests/LocaleUpdateBase.php
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ protected function addLanguage($langcode) {
     $edit = array('predefined_langcode' => $langcode);
     $this->drupalPostForm('admin/config/regional/language/add', $edit, t('Add language'));
     $this->container->get('language_manager')->reset();
-    $this->assertTrue(language_load($langcode), String::format('Language %langcode added.', array('%langcode' => $langcode)));
+    $this->assertTrue(\Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage($langcode), String::format('Language %langcode added.', array('%langcode' => $langcode)));
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/core/modules/locale/locale.bulk.inc b/core/modules/locale/locale.bulk.inc
index 5f72ad8..4f06164 100644
--- a/core/modules/locale/locale.bulk.inc
+++ b/core/modules/locale/locale.bulk.inc
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
  */
 function locale_translate_import_form($form, &$form_state) {
   Drupal::languageManager()->reset();
-  $languages = language_list();
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages();
 
   // Initialize a language list to the ones available, including English if we
   // are to translate Drupal to English as well.
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ function locale_translate_import_form_submit($form, &$form_state) {
   if ($file = file_save_upload('file', $form_state, $form['file']['#upload_validators'], 'translations://', 0)) {
 
     // Add language, if not yet supported.
-    $language = language_load($form_state['values']['langcode']);
+    $language = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage($form_state['values']['langcode']);
     if (empty($language)) {
       $language = new Language(array(
         'id' => $form_state['values']['langcode']
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ function locale_translate_batch_import_files($options, $force = FALSE) {
   else {
     // If langcode was not provided, make sure to only import files for the
     // languages we have enabled.
-    $langcodes = array_keys(language_list());
+    $langcodes = array_keys(\Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages());
   }
 
   $files = locale_translate_get_interface_translation_files(array(), $langcodes);
diff --git a/core/modules/locale/locale.module b/core/modules/locale/locale.module
index 68a4d1d..333fedf 100644
--- a/core/modules/locale/locale.module
+++ b/core/modules/locale/locale.module
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ function locale_language_delete($language) {
  *   unless it is marked as translatable.
  */
 function locale_translatable_language_list() {
-  $languages = language_list();
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages();
   if (!locale_translate_english()) {
     unset($languages['en']);
   }
@@ -1275,7 +1275,7 @@ function _locale_rebuild_js($langcode = NULL) {
   }
   else {
     // Get information about the locale.
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages();
     $language = $languages[$langcode];
   }
 
diff --git a/core/modules/node/lib/Drupal/node/Tests/NodeTranslationUITest.php b/core/modules/node/lib/Drupal/node/Tests/NodeTranslationUITest.php
index 7ed9f14..4b56eb7 100644
--- a/core/modules/node/lib/Drupal/node/Tests/NodeTranslationUITest.php
+++ b/core/modules/node/lib/Drupal/node/Tests/NodeTranslationUITest.php
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ protected function getFormSubmitAction(EntityInterface $entity) {
   protected function doTestPublishedStatus() {
     $entity = entity_load($this->entityTypeId, $this->entityId, TRUE);
     $path = $entity->getSystemPath('edit-form');
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages();
 
     $actions = array(
       array(t('Save and publish'), t('Save and keep published')),
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ protected function doTestPublishedStatus() {
   protected function doTestAuthoringInfo() {
     $entity = entity_load($this->entityTypeId, $this->entityId, TRUE);
     $path = $entity->getSystemPath('edit-form');
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages();
     $values = array();
 
     // Post different authoring information for each translation.
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ function testTranslationRendering() {
    *   The translation values to be found.
    */
   protected function doTestTranslations($path, array $values) {
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages();
     foreach ($this->langcodes as $langcode) {
       $this->drupalGet($path, array('language' => $languages[$langcode]));
       $this->assertText($values[$langcode]['title'][0]['value'], format_string('The %langcode node translation is correctly displayed.', array('%langcode' => $langcode)));
diff --git a/core/modules/node/node.tokens.inc b/core/modules/node/node.tokens.inc
index dbf668c..e06da3f 100644
--- a/core/modules/node/node.tokens.inc
+++ b/core/modules/node/node.tokens.inc
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ function node_tokens($type, $tokens, array $data = array(), array $options = arr
 
   $url_options = array('absolute' => TRUE);
   if (isset($options['langcode'])) {
-    $url_options['language'] = language_load($options['langcode']);
+    $url_options['language'] = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage($options['langcode']);
     $langcode = $options['langcode'];
   }
   else {
diff --git a/core/modules/path/lib/Drupal/path/Tests/PathLanguageTest.php b/core/modules/path/lib/Drupal/path/Tests/PathLanguageTest.php
index 0653743..cc47e2d 100644
--- a/core/modules/path/lib/Drupal/path/Tests/PathLanguageTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/path/lib/Drupal/path/Tests/PathLanguageTest.php
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ function testAliasTranslation() {
     // Languages are cached on many levels, and we need to clear those caches.
     $this->container->get('language_manager')->reset();
     $this->rebuildContainer();
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages();
 
     // Ensure the node was created.
     $english_node = node_load($english_node->id(), TRUE);
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ function testAliasTranslation() {
     // Confirm that the alias is returned by url(). Languages are cached on
     // many levels, and we need to clear those caches.
     $this->container->get('language_manager')->reset();
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = $this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages();
     $url = $this->container->get('url_generator')->generateFromPath('node/' . $french_node->id(), array('language' => $languages['fr']));
 
     $this->assertTrue(strpos($url, $edit['path[alias]']), 'URL contains the path alias.');
diff --git a/core/modules/path/path.admin.inc b/core/modules/path/path.admin.inc
index d22fe66..fa5d705 100644
--- a/core/modules/path/path.admin.inc
+++ b/core/modules/path/path.admin.inc
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ function path_admin_form($form, &$form_state, $path = array('source' => '', 'ali
 
   // A hidden value unless language.module is enabled.
   if (\Drupal::moduleHandler()->moduleExists('language')) {
-    $languages = language_list();
+    $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages();
     foreach ($languages as $langcode => $language) {
       $language_options[$langcode] = $language->name;
     }
diff --git a/core/modules/system/entity.api.php b/core/modules/system/entity.api.php
index c6cb1d9..08b6b72 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/entity.api.php
+++ b/core/modules/system/entity.api.php
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ function hook_entity_translation_insert(\Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityInterface $tra
  *   The original entity object.
  */
 function hook_entity_translation_delete(\Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityInterface $translation) {
-  $languages = language_list();
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages();
   $variables = array(
     '@language' => $languages[$langcode]->name,
     '@label' => $entity->label(),
diff --git a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Entity/EntityFieldTest.php b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Entity/EntityFieldTest.php
index 5dcfd38..23201e0 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Entity/EntityFieldTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Entity/EntityFieldTest.php
@@ -190,18 +190,18 @@ protected function assertReadWrite($entity_type) {
 
     // Access the language field.
     $this->assertEqual(Language::LANGCODE_NOT_SPECIFIED, $entity->langcode->value, format_string('%entity_type: Language code can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
-    $this->assertEqual(language_load(Language::LANGCODE_NOT_SPECIFIED), $entity->langcode->language, format_string('%entity_type: Language object can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
+    $this->assertEqual(\Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage(Language::LANGCODE_NOT_SPECIFIED), $entity->langcode->language, format_string('%entity_type: Language object can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
 
     // Change the language by code.
-    $entity->langcode->value = language_default()->id;
-    $this->assertEqual(language_default()->id, $entity->langcode->value, format_string('%entity_type: Language code can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
-    $this->assertEqual(language_default(), $entity->langcode->language, format_string('%entity_type: Language object can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
+    $entity->langcode->value = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id;
+    $this->assertEqual(\Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id, $entity->langcode->value, format_string('%entity_type: Language code can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
+    $this->assertEqual(\Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage(), $entity->langcode->language, format_string('%entity_type: Language object can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
 
     // Revert language by code then try setting it by language object.
     $entity->langcode->value = Language::LANGCODE_NOT_SPECIFIED;
-    $entity->langcode->language = language_default();
-    $this->assertEqual(language_default()->id, $entity->langcode->value, format_string('%entity_type: Language code can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
-    $this->assertEqual(language_default(), $entity->langcode->language, format_string('%entity_type: Language object can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
+    $entity->langcode->language = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage();
+    $this->assertEqual(\Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id, $entity->langcode->value, format_string('%entity_type: Language code can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
+    $this->assertEqual(\Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage(), $entity->langcode->language, format_string('%entity_type: Language object can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
 
     // Access the text field and test updating.
     $this->assertEqual($entity->field_test_text->value, $this->entity_field_text, format_string('%entity_type: Text field can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ protected function assertSave($entity_type) {
     $this->assertEqual(1, $entity->id->value, format_string('%entity_type: ID value can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
     $this->assertTrue(is_string($entity->uuid->value), format_string('%entity_type: UUID value can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
     $this->assertEqual(Language::LANGCODE_NOT_SPECIFIED, $entity->langcode->value, format_string('%entity_type: Language code can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
-    $this->assertEqual(language_load(Language::LANGCODE_NOT_SPECIFIED), $entity->langcode->language, format_string('%entity_type: Language object can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
+    $this->assertEqual(\Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage(Language::LANGCODE_NOT_SPECIFIED), $entity->langcode->language, format_string('%entity_type: Language object can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
     $this->assertEqual($this->entity_user->id(), $entity->user_id->target_id, format_string('%entity_type: User id can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
     $this->assertEqual($this->entity_user->getUsername(), $entity->user_id->entity->name->value, format_string('%entity_type: User name can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
     $this->assertEqual($this->entity_field_text, $entity->field_test_text->value, format_string('%entity_type: Text field can be read.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
diff --git a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Entity/EntityTranslationTest.php b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Entity/EntityTranslationTest.php
index d3b5842..f683d30 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Entity/EntityTranslationTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Entity/EntityTranslationTest.php
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ protected function _testEntityLanguageMethods($entity_type) {
     $default_langcode = $this->langcodes[0];
     $entity->langcode->value = $default_langcode;
     $entity->{$this->field_name} = array();
-    $this->assertEqual($entity->language(), language_load($this->langcodes[0]), format_string('%entity_type: Entity language retrieved.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
+    $this->assertEqual($entity->language(), \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage($this->langcodes[0]), format_string('%entity_type: Entity language retrieved.', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
     $this->assertFalse($entity->getTranslationLanguages(FALSE), format_string('%entity_type: No translations are available', array('%entity_type' => $entity_type)));
 
     // Set the value in default language.
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ protected function _testEntityLanguageMethods($entity_type) {
     $this->assertEqual($field->value, 'default value', 'Untranslated value stays.');
     $this->assertEqual($field->getLangcode(), $default_langcode, 'Untranslated value has the expected langcode.');
 
-    $translations[$this->langcodes[1]] = language_load($this->langcodes[1]);
+    $translations[$this->langcodes[1]] = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage($this->langcodes[1]);
     $this->assertEqual($entity->getTranslationLanguages(FALSE), $translations, 'Translations retrieved.');
 
     // Try to get a not available translation.
diff --git a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Form/LanguageSelectElementTest.php b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Form/LanguageSelectElementTest.php
index 0acd6b2..021419a 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Form/LanguageSelectElementTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Form/LanguageSelectElementTest.php
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ function testLanguageSelectElementOptions() {
     foreach ($ids as $id => $flags) {
       $this->assertField($id, format_string('The @id field was found on the page.', array('@id' => $id)));
       $options = array();
-      foreach (language_list($flags) as $langcode => $language) {
+      foreach ($this->container->get('language_manager')->getLanguages($flags) as $langcode => $language) {
         $options[$langcode] = $language->locked ? t('- @name -', array('@name' => $language->name)) : $language->name;
       }
       $this->_testLanguageSelectElementOptions($id, $options);
diff --git a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Theme/TwigTransTest.php b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Theme/TwigTransTest.php
index 0aa1f1f..47d4557 100644
--- a/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Theme/TwigTransTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/system/lib/Drupal/system/Tests/Theme/TwigTransTest.php
@@ -86,14 +86,14 @@ protected function setUp() {
     $this->rebuildContainer();
 
     // Check that lolspeak is the default language for the site.
-    $this->assertEqual(language_default()->id, 'xx', 'Lolspeak is the default language');
+    $this->assertEqual(\Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id, 'xx', 'Lolspeak is the default language');
   }
 
   /**
    * Test Twig "trans" tags.
    */
   public function testTwigTransTags() {
-    $this->drupalGet('twig-theme-test/trans', array('language' => language_load('xx')));
+    $this->drupalGet('twig-theme-test/trans', array('language' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage('xx')));
 
     $this->assertText(
       'OH HAI SUNZ',
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ public function testTwigTransDebug() {
     $this->writeSettings($settings);
 
     // Get page for assertion testing.
-    $this->drupalGet('twig-theme-test/trans', array('language' => language_load('xx')));
+    $this->drupalGet('twig-theme-test/trans', array('language' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage('xx')));
 
     // Ensure debug output is printed.
     $this->checkForDebugMarkup(TRUE);
diff --git a/core/modules/taxonomy/lib/Drupal/taxonomy/Tests/TermLanguageTest.php b/core/modules/taxonomy/lib/Drupal/taxonomy/Tests/TermLanguageTest.php
index c74efbe..4774068 100644
--- a/core/modules/taxonomy/lib/Drupal/taxonomy/Tests/TermLanguageTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/taxonomy/lib/Drupal/taxonomy/Tests/TermLanguageTest.php
@@ -102,10 +102,10 @@ function testDefaultTermLanguage() {
 
     // Change the default language of the site and check if the default terms
     // language is still correctly selected.
-    $old_default = language_default();
+    $old_default = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage();
     $old_default->default = FALSE;
     language_save($old_default);
-    $new_default = language_load('cc');
+    $new_default = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage('cc');
     $new_default->default = TRUE;
     language_save($new_default);
     $edit = array(
diff --git a/core/modules/update/update.fetch.inc b/core/modules/update/update.fetch.inc
index 55ef13d..d456801 100644
--- a/core/modules/update/update.fetch.inc
+++ b/core/modules/update/update.fetch.inc
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ function _update_cron_notify() {
   if (!empty($params)) {
     $notify_list = $update_config->get('notification.emails');
     if (!empty($notify_list)) {
-      $default_langcode = language_default()->id;
+      $default_langcode = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id;
       foreach ($notify_list as $target) {
         if ($target_user = user_load_by_mail($target)) {
           $target_langcode = $target_user->getPreferredLangcode();
diff --git a/core/modules/update/update.module b/core/modules/update/update.module
index 2097a76..859d6b1 100644
--- a/core/modules/update/update.module
+++ b/core/modules/update/update.module
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ function update_fetch_data_finished($success, $results) {
  */
 function update_mail($key, &$message, $params) {
   $langcode = $message['langcode'];
-  $language = language_load($langcode);
+  $language = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage($langcode);
   $message['subject'] .= t('New release(s) available for !site_name', array('!site_name' => \Drupal::config('system.site')->get('name')), array('langcode' => $langcode));
   foreach ($params as $msg_type => $msg_reason) {
     $message['body'][] = _update_message_text($msg_type, $msg_reason, FALSE, $langcode);
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ function _update_message_text($msg_type, $msg_reason, $report_link = FALSE, $lan
       break;
   }
   if (!empty($langcode)) {
-    $language = language_load($langcode);
+    $language = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage($langcode);
   }
   else {
     $language = NULL;
diff --git a/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserInstallTest.php b/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserInstallTest.php
index 3c86a30..4e54ff8 100644
--- a/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserInstallTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserInstallTest.php
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ public function testUserInstall() {
     $this->assertFalse(empty($anon->uuid), 'Anon user has a UUID');
     $this->assertFalse(empty($admin->uuid), 'Admin user has a UUID');
 
-    $this->assertEqual($anon->langcode, language_default()->id, 'Anon user language is the default.');
-    $this->assertEqual($admin->langcode, language_default()->id, 'Admin user language is the default.');
+    $this->assertEqual($anon->langcode, \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id, 'Anon user language is the default.');
+    $this->assertEqual($admin->langcode, \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id, 'Admin user language is the default.');
 
     $this->assertEqual($admin->status, 1, 'Admin user is active.');
     $this->assertEqual($anon->status, 0, 'Anon user is blocked.');
diff --git a/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserRegistrationTest.php b/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserRegistrationTest.php
index 7aae5e5..673568f 100644
--- a/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserRegistrationTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserRegistrationTest.php
@@ -186,8 +186,8 @@ function testRegistrationDefaultValues() {
     $this->assertTrue(($new_user->getCreatedTime() > REQUEST_TIME - 20 ), 'Correct creation time.');
     $this->assertEqual($new_user->isActive(), $config_user_settings->get('register') == USER_REGISTER_VISITORS ? 1 : 0, 'Correct status field.');
     $this->assertEqual($new_user->getTimezone(), $config_system_date->get('timezone.default'), 'Correct time zone field.');
-    $this->assertEqual($new_user->langcode->value, language_default()->id, 'Correct language field.');
-    $this->assertEqual($new_user->preferred_langcode->value, language_default()->id, 'Correct preferred language field.');
+    $this->assertEqual($new_user->langcode->value, \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id, 'Correct language field.');
+    $this->assertEqual($new_user->preferred_langcode->value, \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id, 'Correct preferred language field.');
     $this->assertEqual($new_user->init->value, $mail, 'Correct init field.');
   }
 
diff --git a/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserRoleAdminTest.php b/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserRoleAdminTest.php
index 2658b1a..5052571 100644
--- a/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserRoleAdminTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserRoleAdminTest.php
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ function setUp() {
    */
   function testRoleAdministration() {
     $this->drupalLogin($this->admin_user);
-    $default_langcode = language_default()->id;
+    $default_langcode = \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id;
     // Test presence of tab.
     $this->drupalGet('admin/people/permissions');
     $tabs = $this->xpath('//ul[@class=:classes and //a[contains(., :text)]]', array(
diff --git a/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserTokenReplaceTest.php b/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserTokenReplaceTest.php
index 991ac35..c9be29c 100644
--- a/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserTokenReplaceTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/user/lib/Drupal/user/Tests/UserTokenReplaceTest.php
@@ -105,14 +105,14 @@ function testUserTokenReplacement() {
     // Generate tokens with the user's preferred language.
     $account->preferred_langcode = 'de';
     $account->save();
-    $link = url('user', array('language' => language_load($account->getPreferredLangcode()), 'absolute' => TRUE));
+    $link = url('user', array('language' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage($account->getPreferredLangcode()), 'absolute' => TRUE));
     foreach ($tests as $input => $expected) {
       $output = $token_service->replace($input, array('user' => $account), array('callback' => 'user_mail_tokens', 'sanitize' => FALSE, 'clear' => TRUE));
       $this->assertTrue(strpos($output, $link) === 0, "Generated URL is in the user's preferred language.");
     }
 
     // Generate tokens with one specific language.
-    $link = url('user', array('language' => language_load('de'), 'absolute' => TRUE));
+    $link = url('user', array('language' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage('de'), 'absolute' => TRUE));
     foreach ($tests as $input => $expected) {
       foreach (array($user1, $user2) as $account) {
         $output = $token_service->replace($input, array('user' => $account), array('langcode' => 'de', 'callback' => 'user_mail_tokens', 'sanitize' => FALSE, 'clear' => TRUE));
diff --git a/core/modules/user/user.install b/core/modules/user/user.install
index c21e295..97515a2 100644
--- a/core/modules/user/user.install
+++ b/core/modules/user/user.install
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ function user_install() {
       'uuid' => \Drupal::service('uuid')->generate(),
       'name' => '',
       'mail' => '',
-      'langcode' => language_default()->id,
+      'langcode' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id,
     ))
     ->execute();
 
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ function user_install() {
       'mail' => 'placeholder-for-uid-1',
       'created' => REQUEST_TIME,
       'status' => 1,
-      'langcode' => language_default()->id,
+      'langcode' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id,
     ))
     ->execute();
 }
diff --git a/core/modules/user/user.module b/core/modules/user/user.module
index 6330fcb..90c7690 100644
--- a/core/modules/user/user.module
+++ b/core/modules/user/user.module
@@ -861,7 +861,7 @@ function user_user_logout($account) {
 function user_pass_reset_url($account, $options = array()) {
   $timestamp = REQUEST_TIME;
   $langcode = isset($options['langcode']) ? $options['langcode'] : $account->getPreferredLangcode();
-  $url_options = array('absolute' => TRUE, 'language' => language_load($langcode));
+  $url_options = array('absolute' => TRUE, 'language' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage($langcode));
   return url("user/reset/" . $account->id() . "/$timestamp/" . user_pass_rehash($account->getPassword(), $timestamp, $account->getLastLoginTime()), $url_options);
 }
 
@@ -889,7 +889,7 @@ function user_pass_reset_url($account, $options = array()) {
 function user_cancel_url($account, $options = array()) {
   $timestamp = REQUEST_TIME;
   $langcode = isset($options['langcode']) ? $options['langcode'] : $account->getPreferredLangcode();
-  $url_options = array('absolute' => TRUE, 'language' => language_load($langcode));
+  $url_options = array('absolute' => TRUE, 'language' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage($langcode));
   return url("user/" . $account->id() . "/cancel/confirm/$timestamp/" . user_pass_rehash($account->getPassword(), $timestamp, $account->getLastLoginTime()), $url_options);
 }
 
@@ -1173,7 +1173,7 @@ function user_mail($key, &$message, $params) {
   $langcode = $message['langcode'];
   $variables = array('user' => $params['account']);
 
-  $language = language_load($params['account']->getPreferredLangcode());
+  $language = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage($params['account']->getPreferredLangcode());
   $original_language = $language_manager->getConfigOverrideLanguage();
   $language_manager->setConfigOverrideLanguage($language);
   $mail_config = \Drupal::config('user.mail');
@@ -1521,7 +1521,7 @@ function _user_mail_notify($op, $account, $langcode = NULL) {
     if ($op == 'register_pending_approval') {
       // If a user registered requiring admin approval, notify the admin, too.
       // We use the site default language for this.
-      drupal_mail('user', 'register_pending_approval_admin', $site_mail, language_default()->id, $params);
+      drupal_mail('user', 'register_pending_approval_admin', $site_mail, \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id, $params);
     }
   }
   return empty($mail) ? NULL : $mail['result'];
diff --git a/core/modules/user/user.tokens.inc b/core/modules/user/user.tokens.inc
index e3c22f2..80c8bbd 100644
--- a/core/modules/user/user.tokens.inc
+++ b/core/modules/user/user.tokens.inc
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ function user_tokens($type, $tokens, array $data = array(), array $options = arr
   $token_service = \Drupal::token();
   $url_options = array('absolute' => TRUE);
   if (isset($options['langcode'])) {
-    $url_options['language'] = language_load($options['langcode']);
+    $url_options['language'] = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguage($options['langcode']);
     $langcode = $options['langcode'];
   }
   else {
diff --git a/core/modules/views/views.api.php b/core/modules/views/views.api.php
index f2d2a1e..f1551e2 100644
--- a/core/modules/views/views.api.php
+++ b/core/modules/views/views.api.php
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ function hook_views_query_substitutions(ViewExecutable $view) {
     '***CURRENT_VERSION***' => \Drupal::VERSION,
     '***CURRENT_TIME***' => REQUEST_TIME,
     '***CURRENT_LANGUAGE***' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getCurrentLanguage(\Drupal\Core\Language\Language::TYPE_CONTENT)->id,
-    '***DEFAULT_LANGUAGE***' => language_default()->id,
+    '***DEFAULT_LANGUAGE***' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id,
   );
 }
 
diff --git a/core/modules/views/views.module b/core/modules/views/views.module
index 922a8d9..be6edbb 100644
--- a/core/modules/views/views.module
+++ b/core/modules/views/views.module
@@ -497,7 +497,8 @@ function views_add_contextual_links(&$render_element, $location, ViewExecutable
 /**
  * Prepares a list of language names.
  *
- * This is a wrapper around language_list to return a plain key value array.
+ * This is a wrapper around \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages() to return
+ * a plain key value array.
  *
  * @param string $field
  *   The field of the language object which should be used as the value of the
@@ -513,7 +514,7 @@ function views_add_contextual_links(&$render_element, $location, ViewExecutable
  * @see locale_language_list()
  */
 function views_language_list($field = 'name', $flags = Language::STATE_ALL) {
-  $languages = language_list($flags);
+  $languages = \Drupal::languageManager()->getLanguages($flags);
   $list = array();
   foreach ($languages as $language) {
     $list[$language->id] = ($field == 'name') ? t($language->name) : $language->$field;
diff --git a/core/modules/views/views.views_execution.inc b/core/modules/views/views.views_execution.inc
index 18039be..d1c040f 100644
--- a/core/modules/views/views.views_execution.inc
+++ b/core/modules/views/views.views_execution.inc
@@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ function views_views_query_substitutions(ViewExecutable $view) {
     '***CURRENT_VERSION***' => \Drupal::VERSION,
     '***CURRENT_TIME***' => REQUEST_TIME,
     '***CURRENT_LANGUAGE***' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getCurrentLanguage(Language::TYPE_CONTENT)->id,
-    '***DEFAULT_LANGUAGE***' => language_default()->id,
+    '***DEFAULT_LANGUAGE***' => \Drupal::languageManager()->getDefaultLanguage()->id,
   );
 }