diff --git a/core/modules/config_translation/lib/Drupal/config_translation/ConfigMapperInterface.php b/core/modules/config_translation/lib/Drupal/config_translation/ConfigMapperInterface.php
index b572708..4def427 100644
--- a/core/modules/config_translation/lib/Drupal/config_translation/ConfigMapperInterface.php
+++ b/core/modules/config_translation/lib/Drupal/config_translation/ConfigMapperInterface.php
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 use Drupal\Core\Language\Language;
 use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;
+use Symfony\Component\Routing\Route;
 
 /**
  * Defines an interface for configuration mapper.
@@ -47,6 +48,16 @@ public function getBaseRouteParameters();
   public function getBaseRoute();
 
   /**
+   * Sets the base route object.
+   *
+   * @param \Symfony\Component\Routing\Route $route
+   *   The route object used as base route.
+   *
+   * @see \Drupal\config_translation\Routing\RouteSubscriber::alterRoutes()
+   */
+  public function setBaseRoute(Route $route);
+
+  /**
    * Returns a processed path for the base route the mapper is attached to.
    *
    * @return string
diff --git a/core/modules/config_translation/lib/Drupal/config_translation/ConfigNamesMapper.php b/core/modules/config_translation/lib/Drupal/config_translation/ConfigNamesMapper.php
index 2df7387..1351e72 100644
--- a/core/modules/config_translation/lib/Drupal/config_translation/ConfigNamesMapper.php
+++ b/core/modules/config_translation/lib/Drupal/config_translation/ConfigNamesMapper.php
@@ -91,14 +91,13 @@ class ConfigNamesMapper extends PluginBase implements ConfigMapperInterface, Con
   public function __construct($plugin_id, array $plugin_definition, ConfigFactory $config_factory, LocaleConfigManager $locale_config_manager, ConfigMapperManagerInterface $config_mapper_manager, RouteProviderInterface $route_provider, TranslationInterface $translation_manager) {
     $this->pluginId = $plugin_id;
     $this->pluginDefinition = $plugin_definition;
+    $this->routeProvider = $route_provider;
 
     $this->configFactory = $config_factory;
     $this->localeConfigManager = $locale_config_manager;
     $this->configMapperManager = $config_mapper_manager;
 
     $this->setTranslationManager($translation_manager);
-
-    $this->baseRoute = $route_provider->getRouteByName($this->getBaseRouteName());
   }
 
   /**
@@ -145,12 +144,25 @@ public function getBaseRouteParameters() {
    * {@inheritdoc}
    */
   public function getBaseRoute() {
+    // The base route cannot be set directly in the constructor because during
+    // route rebuilding we need to instantiate the mappers before the respective
+    // routes are available.
+    if (!isset($this->baseRoute)) {
+      $this->baseRoute = $this->routeProvider->getRouteByName($this->getBaseRouteName());
+    }
     return $this->baseRoute;
   }
 
   /**
    * {@inheritdoc}
    */
+  public function setBaseRoute(Route $route) {
+    $this->baseRoute = $route;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * {@inheritdoc}
+   */
   public function getBasePath() {
     return $this->getPathFromRoute($this->getBaseRoute(), $this->getBaseRouteParameters());
   }
diff --git a/core/modules/config_translation/lib/Drupal/config_translation/Routing/RouteSubscriber.php b/core/modules/config_translation/lib/Drupal/config_translation/Routing/RouteSubscriber.php
index 335faa5..077fe1f 100644
--- a/core/modules/config_translation/lib/Drupal/config_translation/Routing/RouteSubscriber.php
+++ b/core/modules/config_translation/lib/Drupal/config_translation/Routing/RouteSubscriber.php
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 use Drupal\Core\Routing\RouteSubscriberBase;
 use Drupal\config_translation\ConfigMapperManagerInterface;
+use Drupal\Core\Routing\RoutingEvents;
 use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
 
 /**
@@ -17,11 +18,18 @@
 class RouteSubscriber extends RouteSubscriberBase {
 
   /**
-   * The mapper plugin discovery service.
+   * An array of all configuration mappers, keyed by ID.
    *
-   * @var \Drupal\config_translation\ConfigMapperManagerInterface
+   * @var \Drupal\config_translation\ConfigMapperInterface[]
    */
-  protected $mapperManager;
+  protected $mappers;
+
+  /**
+   * A mapping of configuration mappers to their base route name.
+   *
+   * @var array
+   */
+  protected $baseRouteNames = array();
 
   /**
    * Constructs a new RouteSubscriber.
@@ -30,27 +38,52 @@ class RouteSubscriber extends RouteSubscriberBase {
    *   The mapper plugin discovery service.
    */
   public function __construct(ConfigMapperManagerInterface $mapper_manager) {
-    $this->mapperManager = $mapper_manager;
+    $this->mappers = $mapper_manager->getMappers();
+
+    // The entire list of base route names is needed so we can check each route
+    // collection for matching routes in RouteSubscriber::alterRoutes(). In
+    // order to pass the route information to the configuration mapper we then
+    // need the respective mapper ID for the base route name.
+    foreach ($this->mappers as $mapper_id => $mapper) {
+      $this->baseRouteNames[$mapper_id] = $mapper->getBaseRouteName();
+    }
   }
 
   /**
    * {@inheritdoc}
    */
   protected function alterRoutes(RouteCollection $collection, $provider) {
-    // @todo \Drupal\config_translation\ConfigNamesMapper uses the route
-    //   provider directly, which is unsafe during rebuild. This currently only
-    //   works by coincidence; fix in https://drupal.org/node/2158571.
-    if ($provider != 'dynamic_routes') {
-      return;
-    }
+    foreach ($this->baseRouteNames as $mapper_id => $route_name) {
+      if ($route = $collection->get($route_name)) {
+        $mapper = $this->mappers[$mapper_id];
+        $mapper->setBaseRoute($route);
+        $collection->add($mapper->getOverviewRouteName(), $mapper->getOverviewRoute());
+        $collection->add($mapper->getAddRouteName(), $mapper->getAddRoute());
+        $collection->add($mapper->getEditRouteName(), $mapper->getEditRoute());
+        $collection->add($mapper->getDeleteRouteName(), $mapper->getDeleteRoute());
 
-    $mappers = $this->mapperManager->getMappers();
-    foreach ($mappers as $mapper) {
-      $collection->add($mapper->getOverviewRouteName(), $mapper->getOverviewRoute());
-      $collection->add($mapper->getAddRouteName(), $mapper->getAddRoute());
-      $collection->add($mapper->getEditRouteName(), $mapper->getEditRoute());
-      $collection->add($mapper->getDeleteRouteName(), $mapper->getDeleteRoute());
+        // We do not need to check for the same base route name on the next
+        // invocation.
+        unset($this->baseRouteNames[$mapper_id]);
+      }
     }
+    if ($provider == 'dynamic_routes' && !empty($this->baseRouteNames)) {
+      throw new \RuntimeException(sprintf('The following routes are needed by configuration mappers but were not found: %s', implode(', ', $this->baseRouteNames)));
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * {@inheritdoc}
+   */
+  public static function getSubscribedEvents() {
+    $events = parent::getSubscribedEvents();
+    // This route subscriber adds routes based on the existence of other routes,
+    // so all route subscribers that add routes need to run before this one.
+    // Field UI's route subscriber, for example, has priority -100, but provides
+    // routes for which we need to generate translation routes so this priority
+    // needs to be lower than that.
+    $events[RoutingEvents::ALTER] = array('onAlterRoutes', -1000);
+    return $events;
   }
 
 }
diff --git a/core/modules/config_translation/tests/Drupal/config_translation/Tests/ConfigEntityMapperTest.php b/core/modules/config_translation/tests/Drupal/config_translation/Tests/ConfigEntityMapperTest.php
index df9aa0c..15bb9cb 100644
--- a/core/modules/config_translation/tests/Drupal/config_translation/Tests/ConfigEntityMapperTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/config_translation/tests/Drupal/config_translation/Tests/ConfigEntityMapperTest.php
@@ -67,12 +67,6 @@ public function setUp() {
 
     $this->routeProvider = $this->getMock('Drupal\Core\Routing\RouteProviderInterface');
 
-    $this->routeProvider
-      ->expects($this->once())
-      ->method('getRouteByName')
-      ->with('language.edit')
-      ->will($this->returnValue(new Route('/admin/config/regional/language/edit/{language_entity}')));
-
     $definition = array(
       'class' => '\Drupal\config_translation\ConfigEntityMapper',
       'base_route_name' => 'language.edit',
diff --git a/core/modules/config_translation/tests/Drupal/config_translation/Tests/ConfigNamesMapperTest.php b/core/modules/config_translation/tests/Drupal/config_translation/Tests/ConfigNamesMapperTest.php
index 3df6ac0..522d0fc 100644
--- a/core/modules/config_translation/tests/Drupal/config_translation/Tests/ConfigNamesMapperTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/config_translation/tests/Drupal/config_translation/Tests/ConfigNamesMapperTest.php
@@ -96,12 +96,6 @@ public function setUp() {
 
     $this->baseRoute = new Route('/admin/config/system/site-information');
 
-    $this->routeProvider
-      ->expects($this->once())
-      ->method('getRouteByName')
-      ->with('system.site_information_settings')
-      ->will($this->returnValue($this->baseRoute));
-
     $this->configNamesMapper = new TestConfigNamesMapper(
       'system.site_information_settings',
       $this->pluginDefinition,
@@ -139,8 +133,26 @@ public function testGetBaseRouteParameters() {
 
   /**
    * Tests ConfigNamesMapper::getBaseRoute().
+   *
+   * Also tests ConfigNamesMapper::setBaseRoute().
    */
-  public function testGetBaseRoute() {
+  public function testBaseRoute() {
+    // Test that the route can be set manually.
+    $this->configNamesMapper->setBaseRoute($this->baseRoute);
+    $result = $this->configNamesMapper->getBaseRoute();
+    $this->assertSame($this->baseRoute, $result);
+
+    // Test that the route is fetched from the route provider if it is not set.
+    $this->configNamesMapper->unsetBaseRoute();
+    $this->routeProvider
+      ->expects($this->once())
+      ->method('getRouteByName')
+      ->with('system.site_information_settings')
+      ->will($this->returnValue($this->baseRoute));
+    $result = $this->configNamesMapper->getBaseRoute();
+    $this->assertSame($this->baseRoute, $result);
+
+    // Test that the base route is stored on the mapper.
     $result = $this->configNamesMapper->getBaseRoute();
     $this->assertSame($this->baseRoute, $result);
   }
@@ -149,6 +161,7 @@ public function testGetBaseRoute() {
    * Tests ConfigNamesMapper::getBasePath().
    */
   public function testGetBasePath() {
+    $this->configNamesMapper->setBaseRoute($this->baseRoute);
     $result = $this->configNamesMapper->getBasePath();
     $this->assertSame('/admin/config/system/site-information', $result);
   }
@@ -174,6 +187,7 @@ public function testGetOverviewRouteParameters() {
    * Tests ConfigNamesMapper::getOverviewRoute().
    */
   public function testGetOverviewRoute() {
+    $this->configNamesMapper->setBaseRoute($this->baseRoute);
     $expected = new Route('/admin/config/system/site-information/translate',
       array(
         '_controller' => '\Drupal\config_translation\Controller\ConfigTranslationController::itemPage',
@@ -191,6 +205,7 @@ public function testGetOverviewRoute() {
    * Tests ConfigNamesMapper::getOverviewPath().
    */
   public function testGetOverviewPath() {
+    $this->configNamesMapper->setBaseRoute($this->baseRoute);
     $result = $this->configNamesMapper->getOverviewPath();
     $this->assertSame('/admin/config/system/site-information/translate', $result);
   }
@@ -221,6 +236,7 @@ public function testGetAddRouteParameters() {
    * Tests ConfigNamesMapper::getAddRoute().
    */
   public function testGetAddRoute() {
+    $this->configNamesMapper->setBaseRoute($this->baseRoute);
     $expected = new Route('/admin/config/system/site-information/translate/{langcode}/add',
       array(
         '_form' => '\Drupal\config_translation\Form\ConfigTranslationAddForm',
@@ -260,6 +276,7 @@ public function testGetEditRouteParameters() {
    * Tests ConfigNamesMapper::getEditRoute().
    */
   public function testGetEditRoute() {
+    $this->configNamesMapper->setBaseRoute($this->baseRoute);
     $expected = new Route('/admin/config/system/site-information/translate/{langcode}/edit',
       array(
         '_form' => '\Drupal\config_translation\Form\ConfigTranslationEditForm',
@@ -298,6 +315,7 @@ public function testGetDeleteRouteParameters() {
    * Tests ConfigNamesMapper::getRoute().
    */
   public function testGetDeleteRoute() {
+    $this->configNamesMapper->setBaseRoute($this->baseRoute);
     $expected = new Route('/admin/config/system/site-information/translate/{langcode}/delete',
       array(
         '_form' => '\Drupal\config_translation\Form\ConfigTranslationDeleteForm',
@@ -604,6 +622,7 @@ public function testGetTypeName() {
    * Tests ConfigNamesMapper::hasTranslation().
    */
   public function testGetOperations() {
+    $this->configNamesMapper->setBaseRoute($this->baseRoute);
     $expected = array(
       'translate' => array(
         'title' => 'Translate',
@@ -653,4 +672,11 @@ public function setConfigFactory(ConfigFactory $config_factory) {
     $this->configFactory = $config_factory;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Unsets the base route that is stored in the mapper.
+   */
+  public function unsetBaseRoute() {
+    unset($this->baseRoute);
+  }
+
 }