diff -u b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Database/Driver/mysql/Connection.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Database/Driver/mysql/Connection.php
--- b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Database/Driver/mysql/Connection.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Database/Driver/mysql/Connection.php
@@ -93,11 +93,26 @@
    * {@inheritdoc}
    */
   public function __construct(\PDO $connection, array $connection_options) {
-    // If the SQL mode doesn't include 'ANSI_QUOTES' (explicitly or via the
-    // 'ANSI' combination mode), then MySQL doesn't interpret a double quote as
-    // an identifier quote, in which case use the non-ANSI-standard backtick.
-    // @see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/sql-mode.html#sqlmode_ansi_quotes
-    if ($this->identifierQuotes === ['"', '"'] && strpos($connection_options['init_commands']['sql_mode'], 'ANSI') === FALSE) {
+    // If the SQL mode doesn't include 'ANSI_QUOTES' (explicitly or via a
+    // combination mode), then MySQL doesn't interpret a double quote as an
+    // identifier quote, in which case use the non-ANSI-standard backtick.
+    //
+    // Because we still support MySQL 5.7, check for the deprecated combination
+    // modes as well.
+    //
+    // @see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/sql-mode.html#sqlmode_ansi_quotes
+    $ansi_quotes_modes = ['ANSI_QUOTES', 'ANSI', 'DB2', 'MAXDB', 'MSSQL', 'ORACLE', 'POSTGRESQL'];
+    $is_ansi_quotes_mode = FALSE;
+    foreach ($ansi_quotes_modes as $mode) {
+      // None of the modes in $ansi_quotes_modes are substrings of other modes
+      // that are not in $ansi_quotes_modes, so a simple stripos() does not
+      // return false positives.
+      if (stripos($connection_options['init_commands']['sql_mode'], $mode) !== FALSE) {
+        $is_ansi_quotes_mode = TRUE;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if ($this->identifierQuotes === ['"', '"'] && !$is_ansi_quotes_mode) {
       $this->identifierQuotes = ['`', '`'];
     }
     parent::__construct($connection, $connection_options);
diff -u b/core/tests/Drupal/KernelTests/Core/Database/SqlModeTest.php b/core/tests/Drupal/KernelTests/Core/Database/SqlModeTest.php
--- b/core/tests/Drupal/KernelTests/Core/Database/SqlModeTest.php
+++ b/core/tests/Drupal/KernelTests/Core/Database/SqlModeTest.php
@@ -15,8 +15,11 @@
   public function testQuotingIdentifiers() {
     // Use the table named an ANSI SQL reserved word with a column that is as
     // well.
-    $result = $this->connection->query('SELECT [update] FROM {select}')->fetchObject();
-    $this->assertEquals('Update value 1', $result->update);
+    $query = $this->connection->query('SELECT [update] FROM {select}');
+    $this->assertEquals('Update value 1', $query->fetchObject()->update);
+    if ($this->connection->databaseType() == 'mysql') {
+      $this->assertStringContainsString('SELECT `update` FROM `', $query->getQueryString());
+    }
   }
 
   /**