diff -u b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Cache/DatabaseBackend.php b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Cache/DatabaseBackend.php
--- b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Cache/DatabaseBackend.php
+++ b/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Cache/DatabaseBackend.php
@@ -141,26 +141,23 @@
    * Implements Drupal\Core\Cache\CacheBackendInterface::set().
    */
   public function set($cid, $data, $expire = CacheBackendInterface::CACHE_PERMANENT, array $tags = array()) {
-    // This is the first try.
-    $try = 1;
-    // Maximum one tries.
-    $max = 1;
-    // This loop is necessary to make sure any exceptions thrown in doSet()
-    // are propagated back with a proper backtrace. Putting the second doSet()
-    // within the catch would result in "Additional exception thrown while
-    // handling an exception".
-    do {
-      try {
-        $this->doSet($cid, $data, $expire, $tags);
+    $try_again = FALSE;
+    try {
+      // The bin might not yet exist.
+      $this->doSet($cid, $data, $expire, $tags);
+    }
+    catch (\Exception $e) {
+      // If there was an exception, try to create the bins.
+      if (!$try_again = $this->ensureBinExists()) {
+        // If the exception happened for other reason than the missing bin
+        // table, propagate the exception.
+        throw $e;
       }
-      catch (\Exception $e) {
-        if ($this->ensureBinExists()) {
-          // If the bin was just created, try one more time but only one more.
-          // By using try - max we avoid an infinite loop.
-          $max = 2;
-        }
-      }
-    } while ($try++ < $max);
+    }
+    // Now that the bin has been created, try again if necessary.
+    if ($try_again) {
+      $this->doSet($cid, $data, $expire, $tags);
+    }
   }
 
   /**