diff --git a/core/modules/field/field.attach.inc b/core/modules/field/field.attach.inc
index baa7ff4..6fd3e36 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/field.attach.inc
+++ b/core/modules/field/field.attach.inc
@@ -1610,7 +1610,7 @@ function field_entity_bundle_delete($entity_type, $bundle) {
   // entity types or bundles.
   $instances = field_read_instances(array('entity_type' => $entity_type, 'bundle' => $bundle), array('include_inactive' => TRUE));
   foreach ($instances as $instance) {
-    field_delete_instance($instance);
+    $instance->delete();
   }
 
   // Clear the cache.
diff --git a/core/modules/field/field.crud.inc b/core/modules/field/field.crud.inc
index ec2daa3..b0d124a 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/field.crud.inc
+++ b/core/modules/field/field.crud.inc
@@ -25,89 +25,6 @@
  */
 
 /**
- * Creates a field.
- *
- * This function does not bind the field to any bundle; use
- * field_create_instance() for that.
- *
- * @param array $field
- *   A field definition. The field_name and type properties are required.
- *   Other properties, if omitted, will be given the following default values:
- *   - cardinality: 1
- *   - locked: FALSE
- *   - indexes: the field-type indexes, specified by the field type's
- *     hook_field_schema(). The indexes specified in $field are added
- *     to those default indexes. It is possible to override the
- *     definition of a field-type index by providing an index with the
- *     same name, or to remove it by redefining it as an empty array
- *     of columns. Overriding field-type indexes should be done
- *     carefully, for it might seriously affect the site's performance.
- *   - settings: each omitted setting is given the default value defined in
- *     hook_field_info().
- *   - storage:
- *     - type: the storage backend specified in the
- *       'field.settings.default_storage' configuration.
- *     - settings: each omitted setting is given the default value specified in
- *       hook_field_storage_info().
- *
- * @return \Drupal\field\Plugin\Core\Entity\Field
- *   The field entity.
- *
- * @throws Drupal\field\FieldException
- *
- * @deprecated as of Drupal 8.0. Use
- *   entity_create('field_entity', $definition)->save().
- *
- * See: @link field Field API data structures @endlink.
- */
-function field_create_field(array $field) {
-  $field = entity_create('field_entity', $field);
-  $field->save();
-  return $field;
-}
-
-/**
- * Updates a field.
- *
- * Any module may forbid any update for any reason. For example, the
- * field's storage module might forbid an update if it would change
- * the storage schema while data for the field exists. A field type
- * module might forbid an update if it would change existing data's
- * semantics, or if there are external dependencies on field settings
- * that cannot be updated.
- *
- * @param mixed $field
- *   Either the \Drupal\field\Plugin\Core\Entity\Field object to update, or a
- *   field array structure. If the latter, $field['field_name'] must provided;
- *   it identifies the field that will be updated to match this structure. Any
- *   other properties of the field that are not specified in $field will be left
- *   unchanged, so it is not necessary to pass in a fully populated $field
- *   structure.
- *
- * @throws Drupal\field\FieldException
- *
- * @deprecated as of Drupal 8.0. Use $field->save().
- *
- * @see field_create_field()
- */
-function field_update_field($field) {
-  // Module developers can still pass in an array of properties.
-  if (is_array($field)) {
-    $field_loaded = entity_load('field_entity', $field['field_name']);
-    if (empty($field_loaded)) {
-      throw new FieldException('Attempt to update a non-existent field.');
-    }
-    // Merge incoming values.
-    foreach ($field as $key => $value) {
-      $field_loaded[$key] = $value;
-    }
-    $field = $field_loaded;
-  }
-
-  $field->save();
-}
-
-/**
  * Reads a single field record directly from the database.
  *
  * Generally, you should use the field_info_field() instead.
@@ -215,103 +132,6 @@ function field_read_fields($conditions = array(), $include_additional = array())
 }
 
 /**
- * Marks a field and its instances and data for deletion.
- *
- * @param $field_name
- *   The field name to delete.
- *
- * @deprecated as of Drupal 8.0. Use $field->delete().
- */
-function field_delete_field($field_name) {
-  if ($field = field_info_field($field_name)) {
-    $field->delete();
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Creates an instance of a field, binding it to a bundle.
- *
- * @param array $instance
- *   A field instance definition array. The field_name, entity_type and
- *   bundle properties are required. Other properties, if omitted,
- *   will be given the following default values:
- *   - label: the field name
- *   - description: empty string
- *   - required: FALSE
- *   - default_value_function: empty string
- *   - settings: each omitted setting is given the default value specified in
- *     hook_field_info().
- *   - widget:
- *     - type: the default widget specified in hook_field_info().
- *     - settings: each omitted setting is given the default value specified in
- *       hook_field_widget_info().
- *
- * @return \Drupal\field\Plugin\Core\Entity\FieldInstance
- *   The field instance entity.
- *
- * @throws Drupal\field\FieldException
- *
- * @deprecated as of Drupal 8.0. Use
- *   entity_create('field_instance', $definition)->save().
- *
- * See: @link field Field API data structures @endlink.
- */
-function field_create_instance(array $instance) {
-  $instance = entity_create('field_instance', $instance);
-  $instance->save();
-  return $instance;
-}
-
-/**
- * Updates an instance of a field.
- *
- * @param mixed $instance
- *   Either the \Drupal\field\Plugin\Core\Entity\FieldInstance to update, or an
- *   associative array representing an instance structure. If the latter, the
- *   required keys and values are:
- *   - entity_type: The type of the entity the field is attached to.
- *   - bundle: The bundle this field belongs to.
- *   - field_name: The name of an existing field.
- *   The other array elements represent properties of the instance, and all
- *   properties must be specified or their default values will be used (except
- *   internal-use properties, which are assigned automatically). To avoid losing
- *   the previously stored properties of the instance when making a change,
- *   first load the instance with field_info_instance(), then override the
- *   values you want to override, and finally save using this function. Example:
- *   @code
- *   // Fetch an instance info array.
- *   $instance_info = field_info_instance($entity_type, $field_name, $bundle_name);
- *   // Change a single property in the instance definition.
- *   $instance_info['definition']['required'] = TRUE;
- *   // Write the changed definition back.
- *   field_update_instance($instance_info['definition']);
- *   @endcode
- *
- * @throws Drupal\field\FieldException
- *
- * @deprecated as of Drupal 8.0. Use $instance->save().
- *
- * @see field_info_instance()
- * @see field_create_instance()
- */
-function field_update_instance($instance) {
-  // Module developers can still pass in an array of properties.
-  if (is_array($instance)) {
-    $instance_loaded = entity_load('field_instance', $instance['entity_type'] . '.' . $instance['bundle'] . '.' . $instance['field_name']);
-    if (empty($instance_loaded)) {
-      throw new FieldException('Attempt to update a non-existent instance.');
-    }
-    // Merge incoming values.
-    foreach ($instance as $key => $value) {
-      $instance_loaded[$key] = $value;
-    }
-    $instance = $instance_loaded;
-  }
-
-  $instance->save();
-}
-
-/**
  * Reads a single instance record from the database.
  *
  * Generally, you should use field_info_instance() instead, as it provides
@@ -439,22 +259,6 @@ function field_read_instances($conditions = array(), $include_additional = array
 }
 
 /**
- * Marks a field instance and its data for deletion.
- *
- * @param \Drupal\field\Plugin\Core\Entity\FieldInstance $instance
- *   The field instance.
- * @param $field_cleanup
- *   If TRUE, the field will be deleted as well if its last instance is being
- *   deleted. If FALSE, it is the caller's responsibility to handle the case of
- *   fields left without instances. Defaults to TRUE.
- *
- * @deprecated as of Drupal 8.0. Use $instance->delete().
- */
-function field_delete_instance(FieldInstance $instance, $field_cleanup = TRUE) {
-  $instance->delete($field_cleanup);
-}
-
-/**
  * @} End of "defgroup field_crud".
  */
 
diff --git a/core/modules/field/field.module b/core/modules/field/field.module
index 5b762b5..edc1a4e 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/field.module
+++ b/core/modules/field/field.module
@@ -74,8 +74,7 @@
  *   field_sql_storage.module, stores field data in the local SQL database.
  *
  * - @link field_purge Field API bulk data deletion @endlink: Cleans up after
- *   bulk deletion operations such as field_delete_field() and
- *   field_delete_instance().
+ *   bulk deletion operations such as deletion of field or field_instance.
  *
  * - @link field_language Field language API @endlink: Provides native
  *   multilingual support for the Field API.
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/ActiveTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/ActiveTest.php
index c555dc8..c74d426 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/ActiveTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/ActiveTest.php
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ function testActive() {
         'type' => 'field_sql_storage',
       ),
     );
-    field_create_field($field_definition);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
 
     // Test disabling and enabling:
     // - the field type module,
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/BulkDeleteTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/BulkDeleteTest.php
index d27bd7d..d4af89a 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/BulkDeleteTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/BulkDeleteTest.php
@@ -104,10 +104,12 @@ function setUp() {
     }
 
     // Create two fields.
-    $field = array('field_name' => 'bf_1', 'type' => 'test_field', 'cardinality' => 1);
-    $this->fields[] = field_create_field($field);
-    $field = array('field_name' => 'bf_2', 'type' => 'test_field', 'cardinality' => 4);
-    $this->fields[] = field_create_field($field);
+    $field = entity_create('field_entity', array('field_name' => 'bf_1', 'type' => 'test_field', 'cardinality' => 1));
+    $field->save();
+    $this->fields[] = $field;
+    $field = entity_create('field_entity', array('field_name' => 'bf_2', 'type' => 'test_field', 'cardinality' => 4));
+    $field->save();
+    $this->fields[] = $field;
 
     // For each bundle, create an instance of each field, and 10
     // entities with values for each field.
@@ -115,12 +117,13 @@ function setUp() {
     $this->entity_type = 'test_entity';
     foreach ($this->bundles as $bundle) {
       foreach ($this->fields as $field) {
-        $instance = array(
+        $instance = entity_create('field_instance', array(
           'field_name' => $field['field_name'],
           'entity_type' => $this->entity_type,
           'bundle' => $bundle,
-        );
-        $this->instances[] = field_create_instance($instance);
+        ));
+        $instance->save();
+        $this->instances[] = $instance;
       }
 
       for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) {
@@ -144,9 +147,8 @@ function setUp() {
    * the database and that the appropriate Field API functions can
    * operate on the deleted data and instance.
    *
-   * This tests how EntityFieldQuery interacts with
-   * field_delete_instance() and could be moved to FieldCrudTestCase,
-   * but depends on this class's setUp().
+   * This tests how EntityFieldQuery interacts with field instance deletion and
+   * could be moved to FieldCrudTestCase, but depends on this class's setUp().
    */
   function testDeleteFieldInstance() {
     $bundle = reset($this->bundles);
@@ -162,7 +164,7 @@ function testDeleteFieldInstance() {
 
     // Delete the instance.
     $instance = field_info_instance($this->entity_type, $field['field_name'], $bundle);
-    field_delete_instance($instance);
+    $instance->delete();
 
     // The instance still exists, deleted.
     $instances = field_read_instances(array('field_id' => $field['uuid'], 'deleted' => TRUE), array('include_deleted' => TRUE, 'include_inactive' => TRUE));
@@ -212,7 +214,7 @@ function testPurgeInstance() {
 
     // Delete the instance.
     $instance = field_info_instance($this->entity_type, $field['field_name'], $bundle);
-    field_delete_instance($instance);
+    $instance->delete();
 
     // No field hooks were called.
     $mem = field_test_memorize();
@@ -276,7 +278,7 @@ function testPurgeField() {
     // Delete the first instance.
     $bundle = reset($this->bundles);
     $instance = field_info_instance($this->entity_type, $field['field_name'], $bundle);
-    field_delete_instance($instance);
+    $instance->delete();
 
     // Assert that hook_field_delete() was not called yet.
     $mem = field_test_memorize();
@@ -307,7 +309,7 @@ function testPurgeField() {
     // Delete the second instance.
     $bundle = next($this->bundles);
     $instance = field_info_instance($this->entity_type, $field['field_name'], $bundle);
-    field_delete_instance($instance);
+    $instance->delete();
 
     // Assert that hook_field_delete() was not called yet.
     $mem = field_test_memorize();
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/CrudTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/CrudTest.php
index 7960f82..f669bff 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/CrudTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/CrudTest.php
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ function testCreateField() {
       'type' => 'test_field',
     );
     field_test_memorize();
-    $field = field_create_field($field_definition);
+    $field = entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition);
+    $field->save();
     $mem = field_test_memorize();
     $this->assertIdentical($mem['field_test_field_create_field'][0][0]['field_name'], $field_definition['field_name'], 'hook_field_create_field() called with correct arguments.');
     $this->assertIdentical($mem['field_test_field_create_field'][0][0]['type'], $field_definition['type'], 'hook_field_create_field() called with correct arguments.');
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ function testCreateField() {
 
     // Guarantee that the name is unique.
     try {
-      field_create_field($field_definition);
+      entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
       $this->fail(t('Cannot create two fields with the same name.'));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ function testCreateField() {
       $field_definition = array(
         'field_name' => 'field_1',
       );
-      field_create_field($field_definition);
+      entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
       $this->fail(t('Cannot create a field with no type.'));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ function testCreateField() {
       $field_definition = array(
         'type' => 'test_field'
       );
-      field_create_field($field_definition);
+      entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
       $this->fail(t('Cannot create an unnamed field.'));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ function testCreateField() {
         'field_name' => '2field_2',
         'type' => 'test_field',
       );
-      field_create_field($field_definition);
+      entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
       $this->fail(t('Cannot create a field with a name starting with a digit.'));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ function testCreateField() {
         'field_name' => 'field#_3',
         'type' => 'test_field',
       );
-      field_create_field($field_definition);
+      entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
       $this->fail(t('Cannot create a field with a name containing an illegal character.'));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ function testCreateField() {
         'field_name' => '_12345678901234567890123456789012',
         'type' => 'test_field',
       );
-      field_create_field($field_definition);
+      entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
       $this->fail(t('Cannot create a field with a name longer than 32 characters.'));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -144,7 +145,7 @@ function testCreateField() {
         'type' => 'test_field',
         'field_name' => 'ftvid',
       );
-      field_create_field($field_definition);
+      entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
       $this->fail(t('Cannot create a field bearing the name of an entity key.'));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ function testCreateFieldFail() {
 
     // Try to create the field.
     try {
-      $field = field_create_field($field_definition);
+      entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
       $this->assertTrue(FALSE, 'Field creation (correctly) fails.');
     }
     catch (\Exception $e) {
@@ -185,7 +186,7 @@ function testReadField() {
       'field_name' => 'field_1',
       'type' => 'test_field',
     );
-    field_create_field($field_definition);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
 
     // Read the field back.
     $field = field_read_field($field_definition['field_name']);
@@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ function testReadFields() {
       'field_name' => 'field_1',
       'type' => 'test_field',
     );
-    field_create_field($field_definition);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
 
     // Check that 'single column' criteria works.
     $fields = field_read_fields(array('field_name' => $field_definition['field_name']));
@@ -218,7 +219,7 @@ function testReadFields() {
       'entity_type' => 'test_entity',
       'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
     );
-    field_create_instance($instance_definition);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance_definition)->save();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@ function testFieldIndexes() {
       'field_name' => 'field_1',
       'type' => 'test_field',
     );
-    field_create_field($field_definition);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
     $field = field_read_field($field_definition['field_name']);
     $schema = $field->getSchema();
     $expected_indexes = array('value' => array('value'));
@@ -245,7 +246,7 @@ function testFieldIndexes() {
         'value' => array(),
       ),
     );
-    field_create_field($field_definition);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
     $field = field_read_field($field_definition['field_name']);
     $schema = $field->getSchema();
     $expected_indexes = array('value' => array());
@@ -260,7 +261,7 @@ function testFieldIndexes() {
         'value_2' => array('value'),
       ),
     );
-    field_create_field($field_definition);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
     $field = field_read_field($field_definition['field_name']);
     $schema = $field->getSchema();
     $expected_indexes = array('value' => array('value'), 'value_2' => array('value'));
@@ -275,9 +276,9 @@ function testDeleteField() {
 
     // Create two fields (so we can test that only one is deleted).
     $this->field = array('field_name' => 'field_1', 'type' => 'test_field');
-    field_create_field($this->field);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
     $this->another_field = array('field_name' => 'field_2', 'type' => 'test_field');
-    field_create_field($this->another_field);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->another_field)->save();
 
     // Create instances for each.
     $this->instance_definition = array(
@@ -285,15 +286,15 @@ function testDeleteField() {
       'entity_type' => 'test_entity',
       'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
     );
-    field_create_instance($this->instance_definition);
-    $this->another_instance_definition = $this->instance_definition;
-    $this->another_instance_definition['field_name'] = $this->another_field['field_name'];
-    field_create_instance($this->another_instance_definition);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance_definition)->save();
+    $another_instance_definition = $this->instance_definition;
+    $another_instance_definition['field_name'] = $this->another_field['field_name'];
+    entity_create('field_instance', $another_instance_definition)->save();
 
     // Test that the first field is not deleted, and then delete it.
     $field = field_read_field($this->field['field_name'], array('include_deleted' => TRUE));
     $this->assertTrue(!empty($field) && empty($field['deleted']), 'A new field is not marked for deletion.');
-    field_delete_field($this->field['field_name']);
+    field_info_field($this->field['field_name'])->delete();
 
     // Make sure that the field is marked as deleted when it is specifically
     // loaded.
@@ -316,13 +317,13 @@ function testDeleteField() {
     // Make sure the other field (and its field instance) are not deleted.
     $another_field = field_read_field($this->another_field['field_name']);
     $this->assertTrue(!empty($another_field) && empty($another_field['deleted']), 'A non-deleted field is not marked for deletion.');
-    $another_instance = field_read_instance('test_entity', $this->another_instance_definition['field_name'], $this->another_instance_definition['bundle']);
+    $another_instance = field_read_instance('test_entity', $another_instance_definition['field_name'], $another_instance_definition['bundle']);
     $this->assertTrue(!empty($another_instance) && empty($another_instance['deleted']), 'An instance of a non-deleted field is not marked for deletion.');
 
     // Try to create a new field the same name as a deleted field and
     // write data into it.
-    field_create_field($this->field);
-    field_create_instance($this->instance_definition);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance_definition)->save();
     $field = field_read_field($this->field['field_name']);
     $this->assertTrue(!empty($field) && empty($field['deleted']), 'A new field with a previously used name is created.');
     $instance = field_read_instance('test_entity', $this->instance_definition['field_name'], $this->instance_definition['bundle']);
@@ -346,12 +347,13 @@ function testDeleteField() {
   }
 
   function testUpdateFieldType() {
-    $field = array('field_name' => 'field_type', 'type' => 'number_decimal');
-    $field = field_create_field($field);
+    $field_definition = array('field_name' => 'field_type', 'type' => 'number_decimal');
+    $field = entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition);
+    $field->save();
 
-    $test_field = array('field_name' => 'field_type', 'type' => 'number_integer');
     try {
-      field_update_field($test_field);
+      $field['type'] = 'number_integer';
+      $field->save();
       $this->fail(t('Cannot update a field to a different type.'));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -367,16 +369,18 @@ function testUpdateField() {
     // respected. Since cardinality enforcement is consistent across database
     // systems, it makes a good test case.
     $cardinality = 4;
-    $field = field_create_field(array(
+    $field = entity_create('field_entity', array(
       'field_name' => 'field_update',
       'type' => 'test_field',
       'cardinality' => $cardinality,
     ));
-    $instance = field_create_instance(array(
+    $field->save();
+    $instance = entity_create('field_instance', array(
       'field_name' => 'field_update',
       'entity_type' => 'test_entity',
       'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
     ));
+    $instance->save();
 
     do {
       // We need a unique ID for our entity. $cardinality will do.
@@ -398,7 +402,7 @@ function testUpdateField() {
       }
       // Increase $cardinality and set the field cardinality to the new value.
       $field['cardinality'] = ++$cardinality;
-      field_update_field($field);
+      $field->save();
     } while ($cardinality < 6);
   }
 
@@ -407,10 +411,11 @@ function testUpdateField() {
    */
   function testUpdateFieldForbid() {
     $field = array('field_name' => 'forbidden', 'type' => 'test_field', 'settings' => array('changeable' => 0, 'unchangeable' => 0));
-    $field = field_create_field($field);
+    $field = entity_create('field_entity', $field);
+    $field->save();
     $field['settings']['changeable']++;
     try {
-      field_update_field($field);
+      $field->save();
       $this->pass(t("A changeable setting can be updated."));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -418,7 +423,7 @@ function testUpdateFieldForbid() {
     }
     $field['settings']['unchangeable']++;
     try {
-      field_update_field($field);
+      $field->save();
       $this->fail(t("An unchangeable setting can be updated."));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/DisplayApiTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/DisplayApiTest.php
index 9ca988e..aaec563 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/DisplayApiTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/DisplayApiTest.php
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ function setUp() {
       ),
     );
 
-    field_create_field($this->field);
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
     // Create a display for the default view mode.
     entity_get_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->field_name, $this->display_options['default'])
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldAccessTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldAccessTest.php
index b63d48d..3416f31 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldAccessTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldAccessTest.php
@@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ function setUp() {
       'field_name' => 'test_view_field',
       'type' => 'text',
     );
-    field_create_field($this->field);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
     $this->instance = array(
       'field_name' => $this->field['field_name'],
       'entity_type' => 'node',
       'bundle' => $this->content_type,
     );
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
 
     // Assign display properties for the 'default' and 'teaser' view modes.
     foreach (array('default', 'teaser') as $view_mode) {
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldAttachOtherTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldAttachOtherTest.php
index d16b25a..e795a5a 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldAttachOtherTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldAttachOtherTest.php
@@ -192,9 +192,10 @@ function testFieldAttachPrepareViewMultiple() {
     // hook_field_formatter_prepare_view().
     field_test_create_bundle('test_bundle_2');
     $formatter_setting = $this->randomName();
-    $this->instance2 = $this->instance;
-    $this->instance2['bundle'] = 'test_bundle_2';
-    field_create_instance($this->instance2);
+    $instance_definition = $this->instance_definition;
+    $instance_definition['bundle'] = 'test_bundle_2';
+    $this->instance2 = entity_create('field_instance', $instance_definition);
+    $this->instance2->save();
 
     $display_2 = entity_get_display('test_entity', 'test_bundle_2', 'full')
       ->setComponent($this->field['field_name'], array(
@@ -268,9 +269,9 @@ function testFieldAttachCache() {
       'fttype' => $this->instance['bundle'],
     ));
     $cid = "field:$entity_type:{$entity_init->ftid}";
-    $instance = $this->instance;
-    $instance['entity_type'] = $entity_type;
-    field_create_instance($instance);
+    $instance_definition = $this->instance_definition;
+    $instance_definition['entity_type'] = $entity_type;
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance_definition)->save();
 
     // Check that no initial cache entry is present.
     $this->assertFalse(cache('field')->get($cid), 'Cached: no initial cache entry');
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldAttachStorageTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldAttachStorageTest.php
index 7192067..0e46e15 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldAttachStorageTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldAttachStorageTest.php
@@ -16,6 +16,14 @@
  * all hook_field_attach_pre_{load,insert,update}() hooks.
  */
 class FieldAttachStorageTest extends FieldUnitTestBase {
+
+  /**
+   * The field instance.
+   *
+   * @var \Drupal\field\Plugin\Core\Entity\FieldInstance
+   */
+  protected $instance;
+
   public static function getInfo() {
     return array(
       'name' => 'Field attach tests (storage-related)',
@@ -39,7 +47,7 @@ function testFieldAttachSaveLoad() {
     // Configure the instance so that we test hook_field_load() (see
     // field_test_field_load() in field_test.module).
     $this->instance['settings']['test_hook_field_load'] = TRUE;
-    field_update_instance($this->instance);
+    $this->instance->save();
     $langcode = Language::LANGCODE_NOT_SPECIFIED;
 
     $entity_type = 'test_entity';
@@ -117,11 +125,11 @@ function testFieldAttachLoadMultiple() {
     );
     for ($i = 1; $i <= 3; $i++) {
       $field_names[$i] = 'field_' . $i;
-      $field = array('field_name' => $field_names[$i], 'type' => 'test_field');
-      $field = field_create_field($field);
+      $field = entity_create('field_entity', array('field_name' => $field_names[$i], 'type' => 'test_field'));
+      $field->save();
       $field_ids[$i] = $field['uuid'];
       foreach ($field_bundles_map[$i] as $bundle) {
-        $instance = array(
+        entity_create('field_instance', array(
           'field_name' => $field_names[$i],
           'entity_type' => 'test_entity',
           'bundle' => $bundles[$bundle],
@@ -130,8 +138,7 @@ function testFieldAttachLoadMultiple() {
             // (see field_test_field_load() in field_test.module).
             'test_hook_field_load' => TRUE,
           ),
-        );
-        field_create_instance($instance);
+        ))->save();
       }
     }
 
@@ -191,13 +198,13 @@ function testFieldAttachSaveLoadDifferentStorage() {
       ),
     );
     foreach ($fields as $field) {
-      field_create_field($field);
+      entity_create('field_entity', $field)->save();
       $instance = array(
         'field_name' => $field['field_name'],
         'entity_type' => 'test_entity',
         'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
       );
-      field_create_instance($instance);
+      entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
     }
 
     $entity_init = field_test_create_entity();
@@ -226,22 +233,19 @@ function testFieldAttachSaveLoadDifferentStorage() {
    */
   function testFieldStorageDetailsAlter() {
     $field_name = 'field_test_change_my_details';
-    $field = array(
+    $field = entity_create('field_entity', array(
       'field_name' => $field_name,
       'type' => 'test_field',
       'cardinality' => 4,
       'storage' => array('type' => 'field_test_storage'),
-    );
-    $field = field_create_field($field);
-    $instance = array(
+    ));
+    $field->save();
+    $instance = entity_create('field_instance', array(
       'field_name' => $field_name,
       'entity_type' => 'test_entity',
       'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
-    );
-    field_create_instance($instance);
-
-    $field = field_info_field($instance['field_name']);
-    $instance = field_info_instance($instance['entity_type'], $instance['field_name'], $instance['bundle']);
+    ));
+    $instance->save();
 
     // The storage details are indexed by a storage engine type.
     $this->assertTrue(array_key_exists('drupal_variables', $field['storage_details']), 'The storage type is Drupal variables.');
@@ -345,7 +349,7 @@ function testFieldAttachSaveMissingData() {
   function testFieldAttachSaveMissingDataDefaultValue() {
     // Add a default value function.
     $this->instance['default_value_function'] = 'field_test_default_value';
-    field_update_instance($this->instance);
+    $this->instance->save();
 
     // Verify that fields are populated with default values.
     $entity_type = 'test_entity';
@@ -444,8 +448,8 @@ function testEntityCreateRenameBundle() {
     field_test_create_bundle($new_bundle);
 
     // Add an instance to that bundle.
-    $this->instance['bundle'] = $new_bundle;
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    $this->instance_definition['bundle'] = $new_bundle;
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance_definition)->save();
 
     // Save an entity with data in the field.
     $entity = field_test_create_entity(0, 0, $this->instance['bundle']);
@@ -483,13 +487,13 @@ function testEntityDeleteBundle() {
     field_test_create_bundle($new_bundle);
 
     // Add an instance to that bundle.
-    $this->instance['bundle'] = $new_bundle;
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    $this->instance_definition['bundle'] = $new_bundle;
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance_definition)->save();
 
     // Create a second field for the test bundle
     $field_name = drupal_strtolower($this->randomName() . '_field_name');
     $field = array('field_name' => $field_name, 'type' => 'test_field', 'cardinality' => 1);
-    field_create_field($field);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field)->save();
     $instance = array(
       'field_name' => $field_name,
       'entity_type' => 'test_entity',
@@ -498,7 +502,7 @@ function testEntityDeleteBundle() {
       'description' => $this->randomName() . '_description',
       'weight' => mt_rand(0, 127),
     );
-    field_create_instance($instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
 
     // Save an entity with data for both fields
     $entity = field_test_create_entity(0, 0, $this->instance['bundle']);
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldInfoTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldInfoTest.php
index dad0e54..dde8d57 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldInfoTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldInfoTest.php
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 /**
  * @file
- * Definition of Drupal\field\Tests\FieldInfoTest.
+ * Contains \Drupal\field\Tests\FieldInfoTest.
  */
 
 namespace Drupal\field\Tests;
@@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ function testFieldInfo() {
 
     // Create a field, verify it shows up.
     $core_fields = field_info_fields();
-    $field = array(
+    $field = entity_create('field_entity', array(
       'field_name' => drupal_strtolower($this->randomName()),
       'type' => 'test_field',
-    );
-    field_create_field($field);
+    ));
+    $field->save();
     $fields = field_info_fields();
     $this->assertEqual(count($fields), count($core_fields) + 1, 'One new field exists');
     $this->assertEqual($fields[$field['field_name']]['field_name'], $field['field_name'], 'info fields contains field name');
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ function testFieldInfo() {
     $this->assertEqual($fields[$field['field_name']]['active'], TRUE, 'info fields contains active 1');
 
     // Create an instance, verify that it shows up
-    $instance = array(
+    $instance_definition = array(
       'field_name' => $field['field_name'],
       'entity_type' => 'test_entity',
       'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
@@ -80,14 +80,15 @@ function testFieldInfo() {
       'description' => $this->randomName(),
       'weight' => mt_rand(0, 127),
     );
-    field_create_instance($instance);
+    $instance = entity_create('field_instance', $instance_definition);
+    $instance->save();
 
     $info = entity_get_info('test_entity');
     $instances = field_info_instances('test_entity', $instance['bundle']);
     $this->assertEqual(count($instances), 1, format_string('One instance shows up in info when attached to a bundle on a @label.', array(
       '@label' => $info['label']
     )));
-    $this->assertTrue($instance < $instances[$instance['field_name']], 'Instance appears in info correctly');
+    $this->assertTrue($instance_definition < $instances[$instance['field_name']], 'Instance appears in info correctly');
 
     // Test a valid entity type but an invalid bundle.
     $instances = field_info_instances('test_entity', 'invalid_bundle');
@@ -127,7 +128,8 @@ function testFieldPrepare() {
       'field_name' => 'field',
       'type' => 'test_field',
     );
-    $field = field_create_field($field_definition);
+    $field = entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition);
+    $field->save();
 
     // Simulate a stored field definition missing a field setting (e.g. a
     // third-party module adding a new field setting has been enabled, and
@@ -153,13 +155,14 @@ function testInstancePrepare() {
       'field_name' => 'field',
       'type' => 'test_field',
     );
-    field_create_field($field_definition);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
     $instance_definition = array(
       'field_name' => $field_definition['field_name'],
       'entity_type' => 'test_entity',
       'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
     );
-    $instance = field_create_instance($instance_definition);
+    $instance = entity_create('field_instance', $instance_definition);
+    $instance->save();
 
     // Simulate a stored instance definition missing various settings (e.g. a
     // third-party module adding instance or widget settings has been enabled,
@@ -189,13 +192,13 @@ function testInstanceDisabledEntityType() {
       'field_name' => 'field',
       'type' => 'test_field',
     );
-    field_create_field($field_definition);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
     $instance_definition = array(
       'field_name' => 'field',
       'entity_type' => 'comment',
       'bundle' => 'comment_node_article',
     );
-    field_create_instance($instance_definition);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance_definition)->save();
 
     // Disable coment module. This clears field_info cache.
     module_disable(array('comment'));
@@ -224,7 +227,7 @@ function testFieldMap() {
       ),
     );
     foreach ($fields as $field) {
-      field_create_field($field);
+      entity_create('field_entity', $field)->save();
     }
 
     // Create a couple instances.
@@ -251,7 +254,7 @@ function testFieldMap() {
       ),
     );
     foreach ($instances as $instance) {
-      field_create_instance($instance);
+      entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
     }
 
     $expected = array(
@@ -308,11 +311,11 @@ function testFieldInfoCache() {
     // Create a test field and ensure it's in the array returned by
     // field_info_fields().
     $field_name = drupal_strtolower($this->randomName());
-    $field = array(
+    $field = entity_create('field_entity', array(
       'field_name' => $field_name,
       'type' => 'test_field',
-    );
-    field_create_field($field);
+    ));
+    $field->save();
     $fields = field_info_fields();
     $this->assertTrue(isset($fields[$field_name]), 'The test field is initially found in the array returned by field_info_fields().');
 
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldInstanceCrudTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldInstanceCrudTest.php
index 5f9578a..4e8fff1 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldInstanceCrudTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldInstanceCrudTest.php
@@ -2,18 +2,36 @@
 
 /**
  * @file
- * Definition of Drupal\field\Tests\FieldInstanceCrudTest.
+ * Contains \Drupal\field\Tests\FieldInstanceCrudTest.
  */
 
 namespace Drupal\field\Tests;
 
 use Drupal\field\FieldException;
-use Drupal\field\Plugin\Core\Entity\FieldInstance;
 
 class FieldInstanceCrudTest extends FieldUnitTestBase {
 
+  /**
+   * The field entity.
+   *
+   * @var \Drupal\field\Plugin\Core\Entity\Field
+   */
   protected $field;
 
+  /**
+   * The field entity definition.
+   *
+   * @var array
+   */
+  protected $field_definition;
+
+  /**
+   * The field instance entity definition.
+   *
+   * @var array
+   */
+  protected $instance_definition;
+
   public static function getInfo() {
     return array(
       'name' => 'Field instance CRUD tests',
@@ -25,11 +43,12 @@ public static function getInfo() {
   function setUp() {
     parent::setUp();
 
-    $this->field = array(
+    $this->field_definition = array(
       'field_name' => drupal_strtolower($this->randomName()),
       'type' => 'test_field',
     );
-    field_create_field($this->field);
+    $this->field = entity_create('field_entity', $this->field_definition);
+    $this->field->save();
     $this->instance_definition = array(
       'field_name' => $this->field['field_name'],
       'entity_type' => 'test_entity',
@@ -47,14 +66,15 @@ function setUp() {
    * Test the creation of a field instance.
    */
   function testCreateFieldInstance() {
-    $instance = field_create_instance($this->instance_definition);
+    $instance = entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance_definition);
+    $instance->save();
 
     // Read the configuration. Check against raw configuration data rather than
     // the loaded ConfigEntity, to be sure we check that the defaults are
     // applied on write.
     $config = \Drupal::config('field.instance.' . $instance->id())->get();
 
-    $field_type = field_info_field_types($this->field['type']);
+    $field_type = field_info_field_types($this->field_definition['type']);
 
     // Check that default values are set.
     $this->assertEqual($config['required'], FALSE, 'Required defaults to false.');
@@ -66,7 +86,7 @@ function testCreateFieldInstance() {
 
     // Guarantee that the field/bundle combination is unique.
     try {
-      field_create_instance($this->instance_definition);
+      entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance_definition)->save();
       $this->fail(t('Cannot create two instances with the same field / bundle combination.'));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -76,7 +96,7 @@ function testCreateFieldInstance() {
     // Check that the specified field exists.
     try {
       $this->instance_definition['field_name'] = $this->randomName();
-      field_create_instance($this->instance_definition);
+      entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance_definition)->save();
       $this->fail(t('Cannot create an instance of a non-existing field.'));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -84,20 +104,21 @@ function testCreateFieldInstance() {
     }
 
     // Create a field restricted to a specific entity type.
-    $field_restricted = array(
+    $field_restricted_definition = array(
       'field_name' => drupal_strtolower($this->randomName()),
       'type' => 'test_field',
       'entity_types' => array('test_cacheable_entity'),
     );
-    field_create_field($field_restricted);
+    $field_restricted = entity_create('field_entity', $field_restricted_definition);
+    $field_restricted->save();
 
     // Check that an instance can be added to an entity type allowed
     // by the field.
     try {
       $instance = $this->instance_definition;
-      $instance['field_name'] = $field_restricted['field_name'];
+      $instance['field_name'] = $field_restricted_definition['field_name'];
       $instance['entity_type'] = 'test_cacheable_entity';
-      field_create_instance($instance);
+      entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
       $this->pass(t('Can create an instance on an entity type allowed by the field.'));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -108,8 +129,8 @@ function testCreateFieldInstance() {
     // forbidden by the field.
     try {
       $instance = $this->instance_definition;
-      $instance['field_name'] = $field_restricted['field_name'];
-      field_create_instance($instance);
+      $instance['field_name'] = $field_restricted_definition['field_name'];
+      entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
       $this->fail(t('Cannot create an instance on an entity type forbidden by the field.'));
     }
     catch (FieldException $e) {
@@ -123,7 +144,7 @@ function testCreateFieldInstance() {
    * Test reading back an instance definition.
    */
   function testReadFieldInstance() {
-    field_create_instance($this->instance_definition);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance_definition)->save();
 
     // Read the instance back.
     $instance = field_read_instance('test_entity', $this->instance_definition['field_name'], $this->instance_definition['bundle']);
@@ -136,7 +157,7 @@ function testReadFieldInstance() {
    * Test the update of a field instance.
    */
   function testUpdateFieldInstance() {
-    field_create_instance($this->instance_definition);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance_definition)->save();
 
     // Check that basic changes are saved.
     $instance = field_read_instance('test_entity', $this->instance_definition['field_name'], $this->instance_definition['bundle']);
@@ -144,7 +165,7 @@ function testUpdateFieldInstance() {
     $instance['label'] = $this->randomName();
     $instance['description'] = $this->randomName();
     $instance['settings']['test_instance_setting'] = $this->randomName();
-    field_update_instance($instance);
+    $instance->save();
 
     $instance_new = field_read_instance('test_entity', $this->instance_definition['field_name'], $this->instance_definition['bundle']);
     $this->assertEqual($instance['required'], $instance_new['required'], '"required" change is saved');
@@ -164,15 +185,15 @@ function testDeleteFieldInstance() {
 
     // Create two instances for the same field so we can test that only one
     // is deleted.
-    field_create_instance($this->instance_definition);
-    $this->another_instance_definition = $this->instance_definition;
-    $this->another_instance_definition['bundle'] .= '_another_bundle';
-    $instance = field_create_instance($this->another_instance_definition);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance_definition)->save();
+    $another_instance_definition = $this->instance_definition;
+    $another_instance_definition['bundle'] .= '_another_bundle';
+    entity_create('field_instance', $another_instance_definition)->save();
 
     // Test that the first instance is not deleted, and then delete it.
     $instance = field_read_instance('test_entity', $this->instance_definition['field_name'], $this->instance_definition['bundle'], array('include_deleted' => TRUE));
     $this->assertTrue(!empty($instance) && empty($instance['deleted']), 'A new field instance is not marked for deletion.');
-    field_delete_instance($instance);
+    $instance->delete();
 
     // Make sure the instance is marked as deleted when the instance is
     // specifically loaded.
@@ -184,11 +205,11 @@ function testDeleteFieldInstance() {
     $this->assertTrue(empty($instance), 'A deleted field instance is not loaded by default.');
 
     // Make sure the other field instance is not deleted.
-    $another_instance = field_read_instance('test_entity', $this->another_instance_definition['field_name'], $this->another_instance_definition['bundle']);
+    $another_instance = field_read_instance('test_entity', $another_instance_definition['field_name'], $another_instance_definition['bundle']);
     $this->assertTrue(!empty($another_instance) && empty($another_instance['deleted']), 'A non-deleted field instance is not marked for deletion.');
 
     // Make sure the field is deleted when its last instance is deleted.
-    field_delete_instance($another_instance);
+    $another_instance->delete();
     $deleted_fields = \Drupal::state()->get('field.field.deleted');
     $this->assertTrue(isset($deleted_fields[$another_instance['field_id']]), 'A deleted field is marked for deletion.');
     $field = field_read_field($another_instance['field_name']);
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldUnitTestBase.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldUnitTestBase.php
index ed3c151..1199d2c 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldUnitTestBase.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FieldUnitTestBase.php
@@ -54,12 +54,13 @@ function createFieldWithInstance($suffix = '') {
     $field = 'field' . $suffix;
     $field_id = 'field_id' . $suffix;
     $instance = 'instance' . $suffix;
+    $instance_definition = 'instance_definition' . $suffix;
 
     $this->$field_name = drupal_strtolower($this->randomName() . '_field_name' . $suffix);
-    $this->$field = array('field_name' => $this->$field_name, 'type' => 'test_field', 'cardinality' => 4);
-    $this->$field = field_create_field($this->$field);
+    $this->$field = entity_create('field_entity', array('field_name' => $this->$field_name, 'type' => 'test_field', 'cardinality' => 4));
+    $this->$field->save();
     $this->$field_id = $this->{$field}['uuid'];
-    $this->$instance = array(
+    $this->$instance_definition = array(
       'field_name' => $this->$field_name,
       'entity_type' => 'test_entity',
       'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
@@ -70,7 +71,8 @@ function createFieldWithInstance($suffix = '') {
         'test_instance_setting' => $this->randomName(),
       ),
     );
-    field_create_instance($this->$instance);
+    $this->$instance = entity_create('field_instance', $this->$instance_definition);
+    $this->$instance->save();
 
     entity_get_form_display('test_entity', 'test_bundle', 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->$field_name, array(
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FormTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FormTest.php
index e2fbac6..91a614b 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FormTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/FormTest.php
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ function testFieldFormSingle() {
     $this->field = $this->field_single;
     $this->field_name = $this->field['field_name'];
     $this->instance['field_name'] = $this->field_name;
-    field_create_field($this->field);
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
     entity_get_form_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->field_name)
       ->save();
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@ function testFieldFormDefaultValue() {
     $this->instance['field_name'] = $this->field_name;
     $default = rand(1, 127);
     $this->instance['default_value'] = array(array('value' => $default));
-    field_create_field($this->field);
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
     entity_get_form_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->field_name)
       ->save();
@@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ function testFieldFormSingleRequired() {
     $this->field_name = $this->field['field_name'];
     $this->instance['field_name'] = $this->field_name;
     $this->instance['required'] = TRUE;
-    field_create_field($this->field);
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
     entity_get_form_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->field_name)
       ->save();
@@ -181,16 +181,16 @@ function testFieldFormSingleRequired() {
 //    $this->field = $this->field_multiple;
 //    $this->field_name = $this->field['field_name'];
 //    $this->instance['field_name'] = $this->field_name;
-//    field_create_field($this->field);
-//    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+//    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
+//    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
 //  }
 
   function testFieldFormUnlimited() {
     $this->field = $this->field_unlimited;
     $this->field_name = $this->field['field_name'];
     $this->instance['field_name'] = $this->field_name;
-    field_create_field($this->field);
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
     entity_get_form_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->field_name)
       ->save();
@@ -272,28 +272,28 @@ function testFieldFormMultivalueWithRequiredRadio() {
     $this->field = $this->field_unlimited;
     $this->field_name = $this->field['field_name'];
     $this->instance['field_name'] = $this->field_name;
-    field_create_field($this->field);
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
     entity_get_form_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->field_name)
       ->save();
     $langcode = Language::LANGCODE_NOT_SPECIFIED;
 
     // Add a required radio field.
-    field_create_field(array(
+    entity_create('field_entity', array(
       'field_name' => 'required_radio_test',
       'type' => 'list_text',
       'settings' => array(
         'allowed_values' => array('yes' => 'yes', 'no' => 'no'),
       ),
-    ));
+    ))->save();
     $instance = array(
       'field_name' => 'required_radio_test',
       'entity_type' => 'test_entity',
       'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
       'required' => TRUE,
     );
-    field_create_instance($instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
     entity_get_form_display($instance['entity_type'], $instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($instance['field_name'], array(
         'type' => 'options_buttons',
@@ -319,8 +319,8 @@ function testFieldFormJSAddMore() {
     $this->field = $this->field_unlimited;
     $this->field_name = $this->field['field_name'];
     $this->instance['field_name'] = $this->field_name;
-    field_create_field($this->field);
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
     entity_get_form_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->field_name)
       ->save();
@@ -381,8 +381,8 @@ function testFieldFormMultipleWidget() {
     $this->field = $this->field_multiple;
     $this->field_name = $this->field['field_name'];
     $this->instance['field_name'] = $this->field_name;
-    field_create_field($this->field);
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
     entity_get_form_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->field_name, array(
         'type' => 'test_field_widget_multiple',
@@ -425,8 +425,8 @@ function testFieldFormAccess() {
     $field_name = $field['field_name'];
     $instance = $this->instance;
     $instance['field_name'] = $field_name;
-    field_create_field($field);
-    field_create_instance($instance);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field)->save();
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
     entity_get_form_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($field_name)
       ->save();
@@ -443,8 +443,8 @@ function testFieldFormAccess() {
       'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
       'default_value' => array(0 => array('value' => 99)),
     );
-    field_create_field($field_no_access);
-    field_create_instance($instance_no_access);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field_no_access)->save();
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance_no_access)->save();
     entity_get_form_display($instance_no_access['entity_type'], $instance_no_access['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($field_name_no_access)
       ->save();
@@ -500,17 +500,17 @@ function testFieldFormAccess() {
    */
   function testNestedFieldForm() {
     // Add two instances on the 'test_bundle'
-    field_create_field($this->field_single);
-    field_create_field($this->field_unlimited);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field_single)->save();
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field_unlimited)->save();
     $this->instance['field_name'] = 'field_single';
     $this->instance['label'] = 'Single field';
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
     entity_get_form_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->instance['field_name'])
       ->save();
     $this->instance['field_name'] = 'field_unlimited';
     $this->instance['label'] = 'Unlimited field';
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
     entity_get_form_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->instance['field_name'])
       ->save();
@@ -618,8 +618,9 @@ function testFieldFormHiddenWidget() {
     $this->field_name = $this->field['field_name'];
     $this->instance['field_name'] = $this->field_name;
     $this->instance['default_value'] = array(0 => array('value' => 99));
-    field_create_field($this->field);
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
+    $this->instance = entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance);
+    $this->instance->save();
     entity_get_form_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->instance['field_name'], array(
         'type' => 'hidden',
@@ -643,7 +644,7 @@ function testFieldFormHiddenWidget() {
     // Update the instance to remove the default value and switch to the
     // default widget.
     $this->instance['default_value'] = NULL;
-    field_update_instance($this->instance);
+    $this->instance->save();
     entity_get_form_display($this->instance['entity_type'], $this->instance['bundle'], 'default')
       ->setComponent($this->instance['field_name'], array(
         'type' => 'test_field_widget',
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/ShapeItemTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/ShapeItemTest.php
index 4e92d7e..3437924 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/ShapeItemTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/ShapeItemTest.php
@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@ public function setUp() {
       'field_name' => 'field_shape',
       'type' => 'shape',
     );
-    field_create_field($this->field);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
     $this->instance = array(
       'entity_type' => 'entity_test',
       'field_name' => 'field_shape',
       'bundle' => 'entity_test',
     );
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TestItemTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TestItemTest.php
index c8ff8fa..063dca4 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TestItemTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TestItemTest.php
@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@ public function setUp() {
       'field_name' => 'field_test',
       'type' => 'test_field',
     );
-    field_create_field($this->field);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field)->save();
     $this->instance = array(
       'entity_type' => 'entity_test',
       'field_name' => 'field_test',
       'bundle' => 'entity_test',
     );
-    field_create_instance($this->instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance)->save();
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationTest.php
index ae52f2e..37787a8 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationTest.php
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ function setUp() {
       'cardinality' => 4,
       'translatable' => TRUE,
     );
-    field_create_field($this->field_definition);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $this->field_definition)->save();
     $this->field = field_read_field($this->field_name);
 
     $this->instance_definition = array(
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ function setUp() {
       'entity_type' => $this->entity_type,
       'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
     );
-    field_create_instance($this->instance_definition);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $this->instance_definition)->save();
     $this->instance = field_read_instance('test_entity', $this->field_name, 'test_bundle');
 
     for ($i = 0; $i < 3; ++$i) {
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ function testFieldAvailableLanguages() {
 
     // Test field_available_languages() behavior for untranslatable fields.
     $this->field['translatable'] = FALSE;
-    field_update_field($this->field);
+    $this->field->save();
     $available_langcodes = field_available_languages($this->entity_type, $this->field);
     $this->assertTrue(count($available_langcodes) == 1 && $available_langcodes[0] === Language::LANGCODE_NOT_SPECIFIED, 'For untranslatable fields only Language::LANGCODE_NOT_SPECIFIED is available.');
   }
@@ -251,12 +251,13 @@ function testTranslatableFieldSaveLoad() {
     $field_name_default = drupal_strtolower($this->randomName() . '_field_name');
     $field_definition = $this->field_definition;
     $field_definition['field_name'] = $field_name_default;
-    $field = field_create_field($field_definition);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
 
     $instance_definition = $this->instance_definition;
     $instance_definition['field_name'] = $field_name_default;
     $instance_definition['default_value'] = array(array('value' => rand(1, 127)));
-    $instance = field_create_instance($instance_definition);
+    $instance = entity_create('field_instance', $instance_definition);
+    $instance->save();
 
     $translation_langcodes = array_slice($available_langcodes, 0, 2);
     asort($translation_langcodes);
@@ -310,14 +311,14 @@ function testFieldDisplayLanguage() {
       'cardinality' => 2,
       'translatable' => TRUE,
     );
-    field_create_field($field);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field)->save();
 
     $instance = array(
       'field_name' => $field['field_name'],
       'entity_type' => $entity_type,
       'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
     );
-    field_create_instance($instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
 
     $entity = field_test_create_entity(1, 1, $this->instance['bundle']);
     $instances = field_info_instances($entity_type, $this->instance['bundle']);
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationWebTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationWebTest.php
index 786f1b4..102c69c 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationWebTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/TranslationWebTest.php
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ function setUp() {
       'cardinality' => 4,
       'translatable' => TRUE,
     );
-    field_create_field($field);
+    entity_create('field_entity', $field)->save();
     $this->field = field_read_field($this->field_name);
 
     $instance = array(
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ function setUp() {
       'entity_type' => $this->entity_type,
       'bundle' => 'test_bundle',
     );
-    field_create_instance($instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
     $this->instance = field_read_instance('test_entity', $this->field_name, 'test_bundle');
 
     entity_get_form_display($this->entity_type, 'test_bundle', 'default')
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/Views/ApiDataTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/Views/ApiDataTest.php
index f187422..386e35d 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/Views/ApiDataTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/Views/ApiDataTest.php
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ function setUp() {
       'entity_type' => 'node',
       'bundle' => 'page',
     );
-    field_create_instance($instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
 
     // The second one will be attached to users only.
     $instance = array(
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ function setUp() {
       'entity_type' => 'user',
       'bundle' => 'user',
     );
-    field_create_instance($instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
 
     // The third will be attached to both nodes and users.
     $instance = array(
@@ -52,13 +52,13 @@ function setUp() {
       'entity_type' => 'node',
       'bundle' => 'page',
     );
-    field_create_instance($instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
     $instance = array(
       'field_name' => $field_names[2],
       'entity_type' => 'user',
       'bundle' => 'user',
     );
-    field_create_instance($instance);
+    entity_create('field_instance', $instance)->save();
 
     // Now create some example nodes/users for the view result.
     for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/Views/FieldTestBase.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/Views/FieldTestBase.php
index c0f500b..dcc43ae 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/Views/FieldTestBase.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/Views/FieldTestBase.php
@@ -58,7 +58,8 @@ function setUpFields($amount = 3) {
       $field_names[$i] = 'field_name_' . $i;
       $field = array('field_name' => $field_names[$i], 'type' => 'text');
 
-      $this->fields[$i] = $field = field_create_field($field);
+      $this->fields[$i] = $field = entity_create('field_entity', $field);
+      $field->save();
     }
     return $field_names;
   }
@@ -70,7 +71,8 @@ function setUpInstances($bundle = 'page') {
         'entity_type' => 'node',
         'bundle' => 'page',
       );
-      $this->instances[$key] = field_create_instance($instance);
+      $this->instances[$key] = entity_create('field_instance', $instance);
+      $this->instances[$key]->save();
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/Views/HandlerFieldFieldTest.php b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/Views/HandlerFieldFieldTest.php
index b494a5a..4512089 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/Views/HandlerFieldFieldTest.php
+++ b/core/modules/field/lib/Drupal/field/Tests/Views/HandlerFieldFieldTest.php
@@ -47,9 +47,11 @@ protected function setUp() {
     $this->setUpFields(3);
 
     // Setup a field with cardinality > 1.
-    $this->fields[3] = $field = field_create_field(array('field_name' => 'field_name_3', 'type' => 'text', 'cardinality' => FIELD_CARDINALITY_UNLIMITED));
+    $this->fields[3] = $field = entity_create('field_entity', array('field_name' => 'field_name_3', 'type' => 'text', 'cardinality' => FIELD_CARDINALITY_UNLIMITED));
+    $field->save();
     // Setup a field that will have no value.
-    $this->fields[4] = $field = field_create_field(array('field_name' => 'field_name_4', 'type' => 'text', 'cardinality' => FIELD_CARDINALITY_UNLIMITED));
+    $this->fields[4] = $field = entity_create('field_entity', array('field_name' => 'field_name_4', 'type' => 'text', 'cardinality' => FIELD_CARDINALITY_UNLIMITED));
+    $field->save();
 
     $this->setUpInstances();
 
diff --git a/core/modules/field/tests/modules/field_test/field_test.module b/core/modules/field/tests/modules/field_test/field_test.module
index c2070f2..7b963be 100644
--- a/core/modules/field/tests/modules/field_test/field_test.module
+++ b/core/modules/field/tests/modules/field_test/field_test.module
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ function field_test_field_language_alter(&$display_langcode, $context) {
  *   field_test_memorize();
  *
  *   // call some Field API functions that invoke field_test hooks
- *   $field = field_create_field(...);
+ *   entity_create('field_entity', $field_definition)->save();
  *
  *   // retrieve and reset the memorized hook call data
  *   $mem = field_test_memorize();